Contraception Flashcards
(41 cards)
Specific risk factors for contraception 3
Breast cancer - avoid hormonal - use copper or barrier
Cervical or endometrial cancer - avoid IUS
Wilson’s disease - avoid copper coil
Barrier methods of contraception
Condoms
Diaphragms and cervical caps
Dental dams - oral sex
How does the combined oral contraceptive pill work 3
*Contains oestrogen and progesterone
Prevents ovulation
progesterone - Thickens cervical mucus
“” - inhibits proliferation of endometrium
How do you take the COCP
21 days on and 7 days off
63 days on and 7 days off
continuous use without a pill free period
- Staring between day 1-5 give protection straight away - Need to use contraception for 7 days If outside of this window
Side effects of taking the COCP 7
Unscheduled bleeding
mood changes
headaches
High BP
VTE
breast cancer and cervical cancer risk
Increased stroke and MI risk
Benefits of COCP 5
Effective contraception
Rapid return of fertility after stopping
improvement in premenstrual sx
reduced endometrial, ovarian and colon cancer risk
reduced risk of ovarian cysts
Contraindications of COCP 9
Uncontrolled BP
Migraine with aura (risk of stroke)
VTE hx
>35 and 15 per day
prolonged mobility with major surgery
vascular disease
A fibb
Liver cirrhosis
SLE and antiphospholipid
What to do if you miss a dose
If missed dose (<72hrs since last) - take pill asap even if 2 pills needed
If missed dose (<72hrs since last) - tale pill asap even if 2 pills needed - additional contraception needed for 7 days
How does the POP work
Contains progesterone - thickens cervical mucus and altering endometrial thickness to make it less receptive for implantation
How do you take the POP
Taken on day 1-5 - protection immediately but can be taken outside of this window but contraception is used for 48hrs
Side effects of POP
Unscheduled bleeding most common
Breast tenderness, headaches, acne
Contraindications of POP
Active breast cancer
What do you do if you miss a POP dose
Take the pill asap even if its 2 in one day
Use contraception for 48hrs
How dose the PO injection (DMPA) work 3
Inhibits ovulation by inhibiting FSH, preventing follicular development
thickens mucus
alters endometrium
How do you get the PO injection
Day 1-5 offers immediate protection - outside of this needs 7 days contraception
Injections given 12-13 weeks
CI of PO injection
Active breast cancer
heart disease and stroke
unexplained vagional bleeding
serve cirrhosis
liver cancer
*Osteoporosis
Side effects of PO injection
Irregular bleeding
weight gain, acne, reduced libido, mood changes, headaches, flushes, hair loss, osteoporosis
Osteoporosis and weight gain - only PO injection
Benefits of PO injection
Improves painful periods, improves endometriosis sx, reduces endometrial cancer risk,
How does the progesterone implant work 4
Small flexible plastic rod in arm that slowly releases progesterone into the system - lasts for 3 years
Inhibits ovulation, thickens cervical mucus and alters endometrial thickness
CI for PO implant
Active breast cancer
When should it be inserted
day 1-5 of cycle - if outside of this then contraception is needed for 7 days
Benefits of the PO implant
Effective and reliable
Improve painful periods
make periods lighter or stop
no weight gain or osteoporosis (depot)
no increase in VTE risk (cocp)
Can use if obese
Drawbacks of PO implant
Minor operation, worsening acne, NO STI protection, implants can break, bleeding risk
Bleeding rule of 1/3
How does the copper coil work
IUD - contains copper that creates a hostile environment for pregnancy
- Stays in for 5-10 years
- Fertility returns immediately after the removal of IUD*
