Contraception and Sterilization Flashcards
What are the two general contraceptive mechanisms
Inhibit the formation and release of egg
impose mechanical or chemical barrier between sperm and egg
which type of contraceptives provide the most effective reversible contraception
Hormonal contraceptives
What is the main MOA of combination OCP
estrogen stabilizes cycle while progesterone blocks LH surge and therefore ovulation as well as thickening of cervical mucus
what is a caveat in adherence in progesterone only contraception
must be taken at the same time every day. If 3 hrs late then should use backup method for 48 hrs
what are some benefits of oral contaceptive
regulate menstrual cycle
improve dysmenorrhea
decrease iron deficiency anemia
lower incidence of cancers
What are serious side effects of oral contraceptives
Venous thrombosis PE Cholestasis Stroke and MI Hepatic Tumors
Someone has a vaginal ring, how long can it be removed while maintaining effectiveness
3 hrs
Who shouldn’t use combo contraceptives
women over 35 who smoke cigarettes
Hx of thromboembolic events
Severe liver disease
when should depro provera be given for optimal results
within first 5 days of menses
What is a major side effect of depo provera
alterations of bone metabolism
if used longer than 2 years, find alternative method
What is the mechanism of nexplanon
3 year progesterone implant into the arm that thickens mucus and inhibits ovulation.
What are some side effects of nexplanon
Headache
Weight increase
Breast pain
what are contraindications of nexplanon implant
Known or suspected pregnancy
Liver tumors or active liver disease
Known or suspected breast cancer
What does an IUD increase your chances for
Ectopic pregnancy
Which IUDs are rated for 5 years
Mirena/Kyleena
