CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS: BARRIER AND INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICE Flashcards
What is barrier method?
The barrier method is the method in which the vehicles prevent sperm from entering the cervical os.
As detergents , the chemicals attack the sperm flagella and body, reducing mobility, and disrupting their fructolytic activity, thus jeopardising the nourishment
Types of barrier method?
Male condom
Female condom
Diaphragm
Spermicides
Decribe the male condom?
is a thin latex ruber sheat that is worn over the erect penis before penetration.It acts as a barrier preventing semen from entering the vagina
What are the two types of male condom
2 types depending on the material used:
A) Latex rubber condom
B) Condoms made form natural sources
What’s the EFFECTIVENESS of the male condom?
EFFECTIVENESS:
Typical use failure rate in first year of use =15%
Describe the female condom
Thin sheath of polyurethane plastic with polyurethane rings at either end
Inserted into the vagina before intercourse
Mechanism of action;
Prevent sperm from gaining access to female reproductive tract
Prevent microorganisms (STDs) from passing from one partner to another
Describe the diaphragm?
diaphragm is a dome shaped rubber cup with a flexible rim. It is inserted into the vagina before intercourse so that the posterior rim rests in the posterior fornix and anterior rim fits snugly.
acts as a mechanical barrier to sperm migration and in addition the spermicide applied to its inner surface before insertion helps to destroy sperm cells
Types of diaphragm ?
Diaphragms differ according to rim types: there are four types :Arcing spring, Fiat spring,Coil spring, Wide seal rim
What are spermicides ?
These are chemicals that kill sperm, they can be ;
Aerosol, foaming tablets, vaginal suppository
5 Reasons why people use spermicides?
Do not want to use other forms of contraceptives.
Do not find other methods suitable
Have intercourse infrequently
Need to enhances the effectiveness of the diaphragm and condom
Fear that other methods may interfere with successful lactation
10 Advantages of spermicides?
No prescription required
Can be used ahead of intercourse to avoid interruption
Very few side effects
Protects against some STIs
Reasonably cheap
Used only when needed
Has no effect on breast milk
Gives no systemic effects
Can be provided by non medical personnel
Convenient to use
9 Disadvantage of spermicides?
Not acceptable to those who are opposed to touching their genitalia
May produce burning sensation in client or partner
Can be difficult to hide from partner
Can be messy
Some may melt in hot weather
Interrupts sex if not inserted before hand
May irritate client or partner
Allergy
High failure rate
Efficacy of IUCD; intrauterine contraceptive device
the IUD is one of the most effective methods of contraception. With most devices, pregnancy rates range from less than one to three per 100 women per year
Second-generation copper IUDs are much more effective and have fewer side effects than unmedicated IUDs
Risk factors to IUCD expulsion
Younger women and women who have never been pregnant or have never had children are more likely to expel their lUDs
Women who had painful menstruation or abnormally large menstrual flows were more likely to expel copper-T IUDs
Incorrect insertion; Correct insertion, with the IUD placed up to the fundus, is thought to reduce the chances of expulsion
Mechanism of action of NON MEDICATED IUCD
NON MEDICATED
Sterile inflammatory response to the intrauterine foreign body produces minor tissue injury
Inflammatory reaction prevent implantation should fertilization occur
Also, has some spermicidal activity
