Control and Communication

Question 1

What is the function of a cerebrum?

Answer 1

Site of conscious thought, memory, personality and reasoning

Question 2

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 2

Controls balance and muscle co-ordination

Question 3

What is the function of the medulla?

Answer 3

Controls breathing and heart rate

Question 4

What are the parts of the human nervous system?

Answer 4

Brain, spinal cord, Nerve

Question 5

What are the parts of the central nervous system?

Answer 5

Brain, spinal cord

Question 6

What type of neuron carries electrical impulses from the sense organs to the CNS?

Answer 6

Sensory neuron

Question 7

What type of neuron carries electrical impulses away from the CNS to muscles and glands?

Answer 7

Motor neuron

Question 8

What is a synapse?

Answer 8

A gap between neuron

Question 9

What happens at a synapse?

Answer 9

Chemicals transfer messages from one neuron to another causing the message to continue

Question 10

What is the function of nerve cells?

Answer 10

To carry electrical impulses from the senses to the CNS and to carry electrical impulses from the CNS to muscles/glands so muscles can respond with movement or glands to produce hormones

Question 11

What is the function of a sensory nerve?

Answer 11

Carries electrical impulses from sense organs to the CNS

Question 12

What is the function of the inter nerve?

Answer 12

Carries electrical impulses from the sensory nerve to the motor nerve

Question 13

What is the function the the motor nerve

Answer 13

Carries electrical impulses from the CNS to muscles

Question 14

What is a reflex action?

Answer 14

A very rapid response which protects the body from danger

Question 15

What are examples of reflexes?

Answer 15

blinking, sneezing, knee jerk

Question 16

Is a reflex a conscious decision?

Answer 16

No a reflex action does not involve the brain as no conscious decision is amde the information goes to the spinal cord and back which is faster as it bypasses the brain

Question 17

What is the function of a reflex arc?

Answer 17

To protect the body from danger

Question 18

What three neurons are involved in the reflex arc?

Answer 18

Sensory, inter, motor

Question 19

Name the steps of a reflex action

Answer 19

1.Receptors detect stimuli/sensory input 2.electrical impulses are sent along sensory nerve 3. chemicals transfer these messages across synapse 4. electrical impulses are sent along inter nerve 5.3. 6. electrical impulses are carried along motor nerve 7. effector brings about a response e.g muscles contract or glands secrete hormones

Question 20

What is an automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus?

Answer 20

Reflex action

Question 21

What is the nerve found in the spinal cord which carries electrical impulses?

Answer 21

Inter nerve

Question 22

What are carried as electrical impulses along neurons?

Answer 22

messages

Question 23

During reflex action receptors in sense organ send electrical impulses along this nerve?

Answer 23

Sensory nerve

Question 24

During reflex action electrical impulses are sent along this nerve which results in muscles contracting?

Answer 24

Motor nerve

Question 25

What are hormones?

Answer 25

Proteins that act as chemical messengers

Question 26

How do hormones travel?

Answer 26

through the bloodstream

Question 27

How are receptor proteins specific to hormones so only that tissue will be affected by the specific hormone?

Answer 27

The shape of the hormone is complemetary to the shape of the receptor protein.

Question 28

What type of glands release hormones into the bloodstream?

Answer 28

Endocrine glands

Question 29

What organ monitors the blood glucose levels?

Answer 29

Pancreas

Question 30

What hormones does the pancreas release which affect the liver?

Answer 30

Insulin and glucagon

Question 31

When is insulin relased?

Answer 31

When the blood sugar levels are too high

Question 32

When is glucagon released?

Answer 32

When the blood sgar levels are too low

Question 33

What happens when blood sugar levels are too low?

Answer 33

Glucagon is released from the pancreas, glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose, this continues until blood glucose levels return to normal

Question 34

What happens when blood sugar levels are too high?

Answer 34

Insulin is released from the pancreas, insulin stimulates the liver to convert excess glucose to glycogen, this continues until the blood glucose levels return to normal

Question 35

Describe two features of hormones

Answer 35

I the shape of the hormone is complementary to the shape of the receptor protein They are chemical messengers

Question 36

Name the storage carbohydrate into which glucose is converted

Answer 36

glycogen

Question 37

state one function of an endocrine gland

Answer 37

secretes hormones into the bloodstream