Transport system- Animal

Question 1

What does blood contain?

Answer 1

Red blood cells, White blood cells, Plasma, platelets

Question 2

What nutrient does plasma carry that is essential for respiration?

Answer 2

Oxygen

Question 3

What nutrient does plasma carry that is essential to make proteins?

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

How are red blood cells specialised?

Answer 4

Biconcave in shape. Have no nucleus, Contain haemoglobin

Question 5

What is the function of red blood cells?

Answer 5

To carry oxygen round the body

Question 6

What happens when haemoglobin combines with oxygen?

Answer 6

Oxyhaemoglobin

Question 7

Where does haemoglobin combine with oxygen?

Answer 7

in the lungs

Question 8

What system are white blood cells part of?

Answer 8

Immune system

Question 9

What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 9

Destroy pathogens

Question 10

What are the 2 types of white blood cells?

Answer 10

Phagocytes, lymphocytes

Question 11

What is the process where phagocytes destroy pathogens?

Answer 11

Phagocytosis

Question 12

how to phagocytes destroy pathogens?

Answer 12

by engulfing them

Question 13

What type of response is phagocytosis a part of

Answer 13

non specific immune response

Question 14

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 14

A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies to attack specific pathogens

Question 15

What does specific in terms of antibodies mean?

Answer 15

Each antibody can act on only one type of pathogen

Question 16

How do antibody molecules help to destroy invading pathogens?

Answer 16

Antibodies bind to the pathogen forming clumps which are later digested by phagocytes

Question 17

What is the liquid part of the blood called?

Answer 17

Plasma

Question 18

Explain why carbon dioxide will diffuse out of muscle cells into the blood during exercise.

Answer 18

There is a higher concentration of co2 in the cells compared to the blood. It diffuses down a concentration gradient

Question 19

What is the function of a heart?

Answer 19

To pump blood round the body

Question 20

How many chambers are in the heart?

Answer 20

4

Question 21

What happens on the right side of the heart?

Answer 21

Deoxygenated blood flows on the right side of the heart to the lungs to absorb oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide

Question 22

What happens on the left side of the heart?

Answer 22

Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the left side of the heart

Question 23

what is the function of valves?

Answer 23

To prevent the backflow of blood and ensure blood only flows in one direction through the heart

Question 24

What does a pulse indicate?

Answer 24

That blood is being pumped through the arteries

Question 25

Where does the left ventricle pump blood to ?

Answer 25

into aorta

Question 26

Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

Answer 26

the pulmonary artery

Question 27

Name the blood vessel that supplies the heart muscle with glucose and oxygen?

Answer 27

coronary arteries

Question 28

What is the blood vessel that carries away the waste products from the heart muscle cells?

Answer 28

coronary vein

Question 29

What is the function of an artery?

Answer 29

carry blood away from the heart

Question 30

What type of wall does an artery have and why?

Answer 30

have a thick muscular wall to enable them to carry blood at high pressure

Question 31

What type of blood does an artery carry?

Answer 31

oxygenated

Question 32

What artery does not carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 32

pulmonary artery

Question 33

What is the function of a vein?

Answer 33

carry blood back to visit the heart

Question 34

What type of blood does a vein carry?

Answer 34

deoxygenated

Question 35

What type of vein does not carry deoxygenated blood?

Answer 35

pulmonary vein

Question 36

What are two similarities and two differences between arteries and veins?

Answer 36

arteries have a narrow channel with blood at high pressure. Veins have a wide channel with blood at low pressure.

Question 37

What is the function of a capillary?

Answer 37

to join arteries to veins

Question 38

What type of wall does a capillary have and why?

Answer 38

very thin walls to allow fast diffusion of molecules

Question 39

where does haemoglobin combine with oxygen and why

Answer 39

in the lungs because the oxygen concentration is high

Question 40

Where does haemoglobin release the oxygen?

Answer 40

Into respiring cells when the oxygen concentration of the surroundings is low

Question 41

What do white blood cells do?

Answer 41

destroy pathogens

Question 42

What is the response where antibodies are produces by lymphocytes ?

Answer 42

specific immune reponse

Question 43

What is the aorta?

Answer 43

The main artery which carries blood away from the heart

Question 44

What is the pulmonary artery?

Answer 44

Artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 45

What is the pulmonary vein?

Answer 45

Vein that carries oxygenated blood form the lungs to the heart

Question 46

What is the vena cava?

Answer 46

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood to the heart from the body

Question 47

What is the blood vessel which supplies the heart muscle with blood?

Answer 47

Coronary artery