Coordinate systems

Question 1

coordinate space

Answer 1

agreed upon range of coordinates used to portray features

Question 2

map units

Answer 2

units used for measurement to create coordinates, must be consistent through all features

Question 3

coordinate systems

Answer 3

coordinate space whose characteristics are defined and established according to cartographic standards and tied to a specific location

Question 4

geographic coordinate systems GCS

Answer 4

longitude and latitude

Question 5

universal transverse Mercator UTM

Answer 5

coordinate system of meters

Question 6

state plane coordinate system

Answer 6

system of feet

Question 7

latitude

Answer 7

vertical angle above or below the equator +-90 degrees

Question 8

longitude

Answer 8

horizontal angles east to west of the prime meridian +-180 degrees

Question 9

datum

Answer 9

an approximation of longitude and latitude coordinates to meet specific mapping needs, based on a spheroid and geoid

Question 10

transformation

Answer 10

converting between datums which can introduce error

Question 11

map projections

Answer 11

converting locations on a globe to a flat map converted from a GCS

Question 12

cylindrical projections

Answer 12

uses a cylindrical surface that touches the earth at the equator

Question 13

transverse projections

Answer 13

cylinder touches a line of longitude

Question 14

oblique projection

Answer 14

touches the earth at an angle

Question 15

conic projection

Answer 15

sets a cone on the sphere touching the earth in one or 2 locations at a standard parallel

Question 16

azimuthal projections

Answer 16

a plane tangent or secant to the sphere used to display poles

Question 17

parameters

Answer 17

properties used to customize the projection for a geographic area and purpose via a central meridian (x=0), a latitude of origin (y=0), standard parallels, and false northing or easting

Question 18

GCS projection

Answer 18

not really projected, highly distorted, used to distribute data

Question 19

UTM projection

Answer 19

based on a secant transverse cylindrical projection in 60 zones around the world with negligible distortion in the zone

Question 20

state plane projections

Answer 20

assortment of projections for large scale mapping in the US using 3 different projections to minimize distortion

Question 21

state and national grids

Answer 21

individually defined coordinate systems or projections for specific areas

Question 22

display units

Answer 22

units selected by the user different from the map units

Question 23

spatial reference

Answer 23

includes the coordinate system, the x-y domain, and the resolution

Question 24

resolution

Answer 24

represents underlying accuracy of x-y values

Question 25

project tool

Answer 25

converts data from different coordinate systems to the official one

Question 26

geodesy

Answer 26

modern science of measuring the surface of the earth and exact position of location

Question 27

equal area projections

Answer 27

maintain area but distort shape and direction

Question 28

conformal projections

Answer 28

maintain shape but distort area and distance

Question 29

equidistant projections

Answer 29

maintain proportional distance from a center point but area shape and direction are distorted

Question 30

compromise projections

Answer 30

reduce all distortions but preserve none