Coordination, eye, ears - ch8 Flashcards

(74 cards)

1
Q

mózg

A

cerebrum / brain

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2
Q

anatomiczny system nerwowy

A

anatonomic nervous system

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3
Q

OUN

A

central nervous system

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4
Q

kora mózgu

A

cerebral cortex

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5
Q

podwzgórze

A

hypothalamus

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6
Q

nerwy

A

neurons

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7
Q

receptory

A

receptors

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8
Q

rdzeń kręgowy

A

spinal cord

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9
Q

łuk odruchowy

A

reflex arc

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10
Q

obwodowy układ nerwowy

A

peripheral nervous system

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11
Q

płaty mózgu

A

cerebral lobes

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12
Q

móżdżek

A

cerebellum

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13
Q

hipokamp

A

hippocampus

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14
Q

półkula mózgu

A

cerebral hemisphere

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15
Q

The structures that form the nervous system can be divided into the CNS i PNS

A
  1. central nervous system CNS

2. peripheral nervous system PNS

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16
Q

The organs of the CNS are the
mózg ( synonim, móżdżek, pień mózgu )
i
rdzeń kręgowy

A
  1. brain, cerebrum - mózg
  2. cerebellum - móżdżek
  3. brainstem - pień mózgu
  4. spinal cord rdzeń kręgowy
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17
Q

The PNS is made of
nerwy i
zwoje nerwowe

A
  1. nerves

2. neural ganglia

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18
Q
Besides the OUN and the PNS is 
-opony mózgowe 
-twarda, 
-pajęczynówka, 
-miękka
are part of the nervous system too since the cover (osłaniają ) and protect the  
-mózgowie
-rdzeń kręgowy
A
1. the meninges 
dura-mater
arachnoid
pia-mater
2. encephalon -mózgowie
3. spinal cord
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19
Q

The main cells of the nervous system are the

-neurony

A

neurons

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20
Q

Besides the neurons the nervous system a;sp consists of

- komórki glejowe

A

glial cells

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21
Q
Neurons are cells that have the funcion of 
- odbieranie
- przekazywanie impulsów
and glial cells are the cell that
-wspiera
-karmi
-izoluje nerwy.
A
  1. receive
  2. transmit
    - receiving and transmitting the neural impulses
  3. support
  4. feed
  5. insulate the neurons.
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22
Q

The three main parts into which a neuron can be devided are:

  • dendryty
  • komórki ciała
  • aksony
A
  • dendrites
  • the cell body
  • t he axon
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23
Q

The function of dendrites is

-odbierać impulsow od innych neuronów

A

receive the neural impulses from other neurons.

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24
Q

The cell body is where

- znajduje się jądro i główne organelle komórkowe innych neuronów.

A

the nucleus and the main cellular organelles from other neurons are located.

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25
The axon function is | - przesyła impulsy neuronowe na odległość do innych neuronów, komórek mięśniowych i innych komórek efektorowych.
transmits the neural impulses at distance to other neurons, muscle cells and other effector cells.
26
Nerves may contain - nerwy sensoryczne/czuciowe - nerwy ruchowe - nerwy mieszane
1. sensory nerves 2. motor nerves 3. mixed nerves
27
Meninges are the membranes that - otacza - chroni CNS
1. enclose | 2. protect
28
płyn mózgowo-rdzeniowy
cerebrospinal fluid
29
The cerebrospinal fluid functions is - transport substacji odzywczych - bronić - mechaniczna ochrona CSN
1. transport nutrient 2. defence 3. mechanical protection of the CNS
30
The cerebrum is divided into two | -półkule mózgowe
1. cerebral hemispheres
31
Each hemisphere is made of four cerebral lobes: - płat czołowy - płat ciemieniowy - płat skroniowy - płat potyliczny
1. frontal lobe - płat czołowy 2. parietal lobe - płat ciemieniowy 3. temporal lobe - płat skroniowy 4. occipital lobe - płat potyliczny
32
Each cerebral lobe contains - istote szara - istota biała
1. gray matter | 2. white matter
33
Gray matter is the outer portion and is made of | -ciała neuronowe
1. neural bodies
34
Gray matter is also known as the | - kora mózgu
1. cerebral cortex - kora mózgu
35
White matter is the inner portion and is white because it is in the region where - mijają się aksony neuronów korowych
1. axons of the cortical neurons pass
36
medulla
rdzeń kręgowy/przedłużony
37
The medulla function are - regulacja oddychania, - ciśnienie krwi, - bicie serca, - wydzieliny trawienne, - ruchy perystaltyczne
- regulation of breathing, - blood pressure, - heartbeat, - digestive secretions, - peristaltic movements
38
spinal cord
rdzeń kręgowy
39
The spinal cord is | - grzbietowy przewód nerwowy otoczony kręgami
the dorsal neural cord of all vertebrates
40
The spinal cord function is | -ułatwiają integrację nerwową całego ciała
facilitate the neural integration of the whole body
41
The efferent reactions of the nervous system can be classified into - dobrowolne - mimowolne
1. voluntary | 2. involuntary
42
Co to znaczy '' dobrowolne kontrolowanie'' | - Przykładami reakcji wywołanych przez wole są ruchy kończyn, języka i mięśni oddechowych.
- when controlled by a person's will, | - Examples of reactions tiggered by volition are the movements of the limbs, tongue and respiratory muscles.
43
Co oznacza '' mimowolne'' - Przykładami mimowolnych eferentnych reakcji są te, które nakazują ruchy perystaltyczne, bicie serca i mięśnie ściany tętnic.
those not consciously controlled. -Examples of involuntary efferent reactions are those that command the peristaltic movements, the heartbeat and the arterial wall muscles.
44
AUN
the autonomic nervous system
45
The autonomic nervous system is divided into the - współczulny - przywspółczulny
1. sympathetic nervous system | 2. parasympathetic nervous system
46
The sympathetic nervous system includes the nerves | -które wychodzą z zwojów nerwowych bocznych do kręgosłupa, a zatem są oddalone od tkanek, które unerwiają.
- that come out from the ganglia of the neural chains lateral to the spinal column and thus are distant from the tissues they innervate.
47
The parasympathetic nervous system is made up of -nerwów i neuronów centralnych lub obwodowych związanych ze zwojami trzewnymi, zwojami nerwowymi usytuowanymi w pobliżu tkanek, które dostarczają.
-nerves and central or peripheral neurons related to the visceral ganglia, neural ganglia situated near the tissues they supply.
48
The human eye, the movement is controlled by | - mięśnie zewnątrzgałkowe
- extraocular muscles
49
The human eye focuses ligh onto a ligh sensitive membrane calles the -siatkówka
retina - siatkówka
50
It is a transparent structure found at the very front of the eye that helps to focus incoming light. It is also a part of the outer layer. -rogówka
cornea
51
Behind the cornea is a colored ring-shaped membrane calles the - tęczówka
iris
52
The iris has an adjustable circular opening called the | - źrenica
pupil - źrenica
53
A clear fluid called by the | - ciecz wodnista
aqueous humor -ciecz wodnista
54
Situated behind the pupil is a colorless, transparent structure called the crystalline - soczekwa oka
lens
55
Surround the lens is | - mięśnie rzęskowe
ciliary muscles
56
The interior chamber of the eyeball is filled with a jelly-like tissue called the -ciało szkliste
vitreous humor
57
The middle layer between the retina and sclera is called the | -naczyniówka
choroid
58
Cones are packed into a part of the retina called the | -plamka żółta
fovea
59
nerw wzrokowy
optic nerve
60
twardówka
sclera
61
małżowina uszna
1. pinna | 2. auricle
62
młoteczek
1. malleus | 2. hammer
63
kowadełko
incus
64
kanał półkolisty
semicircular canal
65
nerw przedsionkowy
vestibular nerve
66
nerw ślimakowy
cochlear nerve
67
ślimak
cochlea
68
trąbka eustachiusza
Eustachian tube
69
okienko ślimaka
round window
70
strzemiączko
stapes / stirrup
71
jama bębenkowa
tympanic cavity / middle ear
72
błona bębenkowa
tympanic membrane
73
przewód słuchowy zewnętrzny
external auditory meatus / ear canal
74
płatek ucha
ear lobe/ lobule