Coordination: The Nervous System, The Special Senses, and Behavior

Question 1

Describe the functions of the nervous system.

Answer 1

The nervous system, in general, sends signals to your brain based on seeing, smelling, feeling, etc. something. Your brain then sends signals to your body to trigger a reaction.

Question 2

Define stimulus.

Answer 2

any change in the environment.

Question 3

Define response.

Answer 3

the reaction to a stimulus

Question 4

Function of cell body

Answer 4

holds nucleus

Question 5

Function of nucleus

Answer 5

the “brain” of your neuron; control center

Question 6

Function of myelin

Answer 6

insulates axon

Question 7

Function of axon

Answer 7

carries impulses from cell body

Question 8

Function of axon tips

Answer 8

transfers impulses to other cells. releases chemicals to transmit impulses across the synapse.

Question 9

Function of dendrites

Answer 9

carries impulses to cell body. receives stimuli from other neurons.

Question 10

How is the structure if a neuron perfect for its function of transmitting messages?

Answer 10

The dendrites carry the impulses to the cell body and nucleus. It then travels through the axon to the axon tips to other cells. (long axon).

Question 11

Function of Sensory Neuron

Answer 11

takes in messages to your brain and spinal chord

Question 12

Function of Connecting Neuron

Answer 12

in brain and spinal chord and connects to other neurons.

Question 13

Function of Motor Neuron

Answer 13

takes messages from brain and spinal chord to muscles.

Question 14

In order, name the parts of a neuron through which a signal travels.

Answer 14

dendrites, cell body, axon, axon tips

Question 15

What is a synapse?

Answer 15

The space where a neuron transfers an impulse to a different structure.

Question 16

How does a signal go across a synapse?

Answer 16

The nerve impulse crosses the gap. It is carries by chemicals released from the axon tips.

Question 17

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 17

A neurotransmitter is the chemical that carries an impulse across.

Question 18

Two divisions of the Peripheral System

Answer 18

a) motor and sensory nerves

b) autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

Question 19

Two divisions of Central System

Answer 19

a) brain

b) spinal chord

Question 20

Function of cerebrum

Answer 20

controls functions such as speech, thought, movement, and senses.

Question 21

Function of cerebellum

Answer 21

coordinates your muscles and maintains balance.

Question 22

Function of spinal chord.

Answer 22

links your brain and peripheral nervous system

Question 23

Function of brain stem.

Answer 23

in charge of involuntary actions.

Question 24

Describe the function of the Sympathetic Nervous System.

Answer 24

It sends signals to the brain via sensory nerves when you see something scary.

Question 25

Name some physiological changes that occur in your body when you activate the sympathetic nervous system.

Answer 25

You get goosebumps, your heart beats faster, you breathe more rapidly, and glycogen is broken down into glucose.

Question 26

What is a reflex?

Answer 26

an automatic, quick response that happens without consciousness.

Question 27

What is the function of most reflexes?

Answer 27

protection

Question 28

What three things in your body protect your brain?

Answer 28

three layers of connective tissue. (fluid & membranes)

Question 29

What three things in your body protect our spinal chord?

Answer 29

fluid, membranes, vertebrae

Question 30

What can you do when biking, skateboarding, or rollerblading, to protect your brain?

Answer 30

wear a helmet.

Question 31

How can you reduce the risk of a spinal cord injury when riding in a car?

Answer 31

wear a seatbelt.

Question 32

How do the eyes adjust when we go from indoors to bright sunlight?

Answer 32

Your pupil becomes smaller.

Question 33

How do the eyes adjust when we enter a dark theater?

Answer 33

Your pupil becomes larger.

Question 34

How does the cornea keep moist?

Answer 34

The cornea is kept moist when you blink. The tears keep it moist.

Question 35

What is the main function of the cornea?

Answer 35

protects eye from germs; allows light into eye

Question 36

What is the main function of iris?

Answer 36

regulates how much light enters your eye (size of pupil)

Question 37

What is the main function of the pupil?

Answer 37

light enters through the pupil

Question 38

What is the function of the lens?

Answer 38

focuses light

Question 39

What is the function of the retina?

Answer 39

rods - lets you see black, white, and gray | cones - lets you see color

Question 40

What is the function of the optic nerve?

Answer 40

transmits impulses to the brain

Question 41

Is the muscle which controls your lens relaxed or contracted for close work?

Answer 41

contracted

Question 42

Is the lens thin or fat at this time?

Answer 42

fat

Question 43

Are ligaments tense or slack?

Answer 43

slack

Question 44

Function of cochlea

Answer 44

the cochlea has receptor cells which respond to sound.

Question 45

Function of auditory nerve

Answer 45

the auditory nerve carries nerve impulses from sounds from your cochlea and your brain.

Question 46

Function of semi-circular canals

Answer 46

your semi-circular canals control your sense of balance.

Question 47

Function of Eustachian tubes

Answer 47

it connects your middle ear to your nose

Question 48

Function of eardrum

Answer 48

your eardrum vibrates when sound strikes it

Question 49

Function of wax

Answer 49

Wax keeps your ear canals moist.

Question 50

What is the largest sensory organ? What sense is it for?

Answer 50

It is the skin and it is for your sense of touch. (pain, pressure, temperature)

Question 51

Example of Diffusion

Answer 51

neurotransmitter leaving axon tips or entering dendrites.

Question 52

Example of Homeostasis

Answer 52

nervous system keeps things in balance.

Question 53

Example of Structure/Function

Answer 53

long axon for sending signals.

Question 54

Example of Systems

Answer 54

organized in subsystems (central & peripheral)

Question 55

Example of Surface Area

Answer 55

the cell body has increased surface area by dendrite projections.