coping with stress

Question 1

describes the physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging.

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

events that cause stress reaction

Answer 2

Stressor

Question 3

Types of Stressors

Answer 3

physical, mental/psychological, social, economic, spiritual

Question 4

Physical Stressor

Answer 4

physiological (fatigue, headache, pain, shock, trauma) and external (environment (air pollution, noise, weather))

Question 5

Mental/Psychological Stressor

Answer 5

situations which maintains sustained mental effort (ex. academic overload)

Question 6

Social Stressor

Answer 6

arise from relationships and connections with others (ex. family conflict, peer pressure)

Question 7

Economic Stressor

Answer 7

socio-economic conditions such as
financial stability

Question 8

Spiritual

Answer 8

loss of inner peace, joy and
disturbance in tranquility

Question 9

Physical Stress

Answer 9

unusual fatigue, sleeping problems, frequent colds, chest pain and nausea

Question 10

Emotional Stress

Answer 10

Anxiety, depression, fear, irritability

Question 11

Behavioral Stress

Answer 11

Pacing, eating too much, crying a lot, smoking and drinking more than usual

Question 12

Cognitive Stress

Answer 12

Problems in concentration, memory, decision-making, loss of sense of humor

Question 13

Physical reactions to stress

Answer 13

Increased heart rate
Rapid pulse
Increased sweating
Shortness of breath
Hypertension/increased BP
Tensed muscles
Skin rashes
Hair loss (alopecia)
Feeling nauseated
Upset stomach
Migraine

Question 14

Psychological reactions to stress

Answer 14

Inability to concentrate
Loss of self-confidence
Feeling worried or anxious or apprehensive
Depression
Irritability or easily angered
Unfounded or baseless fears
Insecurity
Feeling of personal inadequacy

Question 15

Behavioral reactions to stress

Answer 15

Being absent-minded
Frequent use of drugs or medication
Smoking
Drinking alcoholic beverages
Difficulty going to sleep
Diminished appetite to eat
Restlessness
Display of aggressive behavior
Hair pulling or nail biting
Frequent errors

Question 16

unpleasant and undesirable stressors

Answer 16

Distress

Question 17

stress responses that could disrupt brain architecture, but generally occur within a time-limited period and are buffered by supportive relationships that facilitate adaptive coping

Answer 17

Tolerable Stress

Question 18

strong and prolonged activation of the body’s stress management systems in the absence of the buffering protection of adult support, disrupts brain architecture and leads to stress
management systems that respond at relatively lower thresholds, and increases the risk of stress-related physical and mental illness

Answer 18

Toxic Stress

Question 19

positive events that still make demands on a person to adapt or change. They still require a great deal of change in people’s habits, duties, and even lifestyle.

Answer 19

Eustress

Question 20

A feeling that is experienced when made to choose between two or more incompatible possibilities or options

Answer 20

Conflict

Question 21

Types of Conflict

Answer 21

Approach-approach
Avoidance-avoidance
Approach-avoidance

Question 22

Approach-approach conflict

Answer 22

Involves choosing between two situations that both have pleasurable consequences

Question 23

Avoidance-avoidance conflict

Answer 23

Involves choosing between two situations that both have disagreeable consequences

Question 24

Approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 24

Involves a single situation that has both pleasurable and disagreeable aspects

Question 25

The SHS valedictorian was given an option by her parents to have an all expenses vacation in either Paris or New York.

Answer 25

Approach-approach conflict

Question 26

As punishment for failing one of his subjects, his parents made him choose to either surrender all his gadgets or cut off his allowance for the entire month.

Answer 26

Avoidance-avoidance conflict

Question 27

A fresh graduate was given an opportunity to work and study abroad. However, conflict arises as he considers living his family behind.

Answer 27

Approach-avoidance conflict

Question 28

it is a theory which states mental and physical disorders develop from a genetic or biological predisposition for that illness (diathesis) combined with stressful conditions that play a precipitating or facilitating role.

Answer 28

Diathesis-Stress Model

Question 29

HPA Axis

Answer 29

Hypothalamus – Pituitary Gland – Adrenal Gland Axis

Question 30

Hypothalamus

Answer 30

regulates release of hormones; responsible for hunger, thirst and lust

Question 31

Pituitary Gland

Answer 31

master gland of the endocrine system

Question 32

Adrenal Gland

Answer 32

controls blood sugar, burn proteins and fat, regulate blood pressure, responsible for the release of epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol

Question 33

Cortisol

Answer 33

body’s main stress hormone; the body’s “built-in alarm system”

Question 34

secretes corticotropin hormone (CRH)

Answer 34

Hypothalamus

Question 35

releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 35

Pituitary gland

Question 36

Kinds of Coping

Answer 36

Problem-focused, emotion-focused, social support system

Question 37

decrease stress by solving the problem through seeking information, changing own behavior, or taking whatever action is needed to resolve the difficulty

Answer 37

Problem-focused coping

Question 38

do things primarily to deal with emotional distress, such as seeking support and sympathy or avoiding or denying the situation

Answer 38

Emotion-focused coping

Question 39

to work on eliminating or changing the stressor itself

Answer 39

Problem-focused coping

Question 40

changing the way a person feels or emotionally reacts to a stressor

Answer 40

Emotion-focused coping

Question 41

network of friends, family members, neighbors, coworkers, and others who can offer help to a person in need

Answer 41

Social support system

Question 42

Planning Active coping and problem-solving Suppressing competing activities Exercising restraint Assertive confrontation

Answer 42

Problem-focused coping

Question 43

Positive reinterpretation Acceptance Denial Repression Escape-avoidance Wishful thinking Controlling feelings

Answer 43

Emotion-focused coping

Question 44

Help and guidance Emotional support Affirmation of worth Tangible aid (ex. Money)

Answer 44

Seeking social support