Copy of 1 Brain_Nervous System (2) - Brain Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the meninges?
Membranes located between bone and soft tissues.
What is meningitis?
Meningitis can be bacterial or viral.
Symptoms include fever, stiff neck, photosensitivity, vomiting, and rash. There is a vaccine available, but it can cause serious complications, even death.
What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
A clear liquid that bathes the brain and spinal cord, cushions the brain, and serves as a shock absorber.
What is a subdural hematoma?
Bleeding within the brain associated with traumatic brain injury, which puts pressure on the brain and can be life-threatening.
How many segments does the spinal cord have?
The spinal cord has 31 segments, each with a pair of spinal nerves.
What are the segments of the spinal cord?
C1 - C8, T1 - T12, L1 - L5.
What are the three major parts of the brain?
Cerebrum, Brain Stem, Cerebellum.
What is the cerebrum responsible for?
Higher mental functions and solving problems.
What is the function of the cerebellum?
Balance and coordination.
The white matter within the cerebellum gives it a tree-like appearance, known as the Arbor Vitae (Tree of Life).
What does the brain stem regulate?
Visceral functions (autonomic system).
What are the components of the brain stem?
Medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, pons.
What separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres?
The corpus callosum.
What are the types of brain convolutions?
Fissures (deep groove), sulcus (shallow groove), gyrus (bump).
What are the four lobes of the brain?
Frontal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, Temporal Lobe.
What is the function of the frontal lobe?
Executive functions.
What is the function of the parietal lobe?
Perception and sense-making.
What is the function of the occipital lobe?
Vision.
What is the function of the temporal lobe?
Memory and language.
What are the ventricles of the brain?
Fluid-filled cavities that contain CSF.
What is the role of the thalamus?
Relay station for sensory information.
What does the hypothalamus regulate?
Hormones, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and hunger.
It connects the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
What is the pituitary gland known as?
The ‘master gland’ of the endocrine system, controlling hormones.
What is the function of the hippocampus?
Storage and retrieval of memories.
What is the amygdala associated with?
Storage of memories associated with emotion, fear response, and aggression.
