Copy of Unit 7 - Ancient Greece Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the three periods of Ancient Greek history?
- Archaic (650 - 490 BC)
- Classical (480 - 323 BC)
- Hellenistic (323 - 145 BC)
Each period is characterized by distinct cultural and historical developments.
Who is considered the father of epic poetry in Ancient Greece?
Homer
He is known for works such as the Iliad and the Odyssey.
What significant mathematical figure is associated with the Archaic period?
Pythagoras
He is known for his contributions to mathematics, particularly geometry.
What was the main focus of the Minoan civilization?
Trade
The Minoans developed a sea culture centered around trade, particularly with oil, grain, and wine.
What event is believed to have caused the fall of the Minoan civilization?
A catastrophic event (tidal wave, volcano, invasion)
Archaeologists speculate that the Minoan civilization faced a sudden decline due to one of these disasters.
What type of government did city-states transition to from wealthy landowning rulers?
Democracy
This shift allowed for more participation from the general populace in governance.
What is the term for heavily armed foot soldiers in Ancient Greece?
Hoplites
They fought in a phalanx formation, which was crucial for Greek military success.
What were the main products exported from the Greek mainland?
- Pottery
- Wine
- Olive oil
These products were central to trade with other regions.
What was the main cause of the Peloponnesian War?
Disputes between Sparta and Athens
The war arose from growing tensions and differences in governance and military strategies.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon?
Greeks won
This battle was a significant early victory for the Greeks against the Persians.
Who was the king of Macedonia that desired to conquer Greece?
King Philip II
He aimed to unite the Greek city-states and wage war against Persia.
What did Alexander the Great accomplish during his reign?
- Defeated Persia
- Built Alexandria in Egypt
- Expanded the Greek/Macedonian empire
His conquests spread Greek culture throughout Asia.
What is the significance of the oracle at Delphi?
It was the most famous oracle in Ancient Greece, known for providing prophecies
Priests or priestesses often spoke in riddles, interpreting the will of the gods.
What are the two main genres of Greek drama?
- Comedy
- Tragedy
Comedy typically has a happy ending, while tragedy involves struggle against fate.
What did Socrates believe about knowledge?
Real knowledge is within each person
He taught the Socratic method, which encourages self-discovery through questioning.
What political system did Plato reject in his writings?
Democracy
He argued for a government led by philosopher-kings in his work ‘The Republic.’
What did Aristotle contribute to the field of science?
Made advances in various sciences and wrote about government in ‘Politics’
His thoughts influenced many aspects of Western philosophy and governance.
Who is known as the ‘father of medicine’?
Hippocrates
He established a code of ethics for medical practitioners.
Fill in the blank: The _______ was a fortified area in a Greek city-state.
Acropolis
It often served as a religious center and place of refuge.
True or False: The Greeks believed in an absolute right and wrong.
False
Many Greek philosophers, including Socrates, questioned the existence of absolute truths.
