Core 1: Critical Q2 Flashcards
What are the priority issues for improving Australia’s health? (58 cards)
Why is there a gap in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians?
-Rural
-Economic inequality
-Poor hygiene and sanitation
-Substance abuse
-Poor education and health literacy
-Inadequate health services
What is the nature of health inequities & determinants?
What they are -> E.g, Lower life expectancy
What is meant by extent?
How severe they are -> E.g, Life expectancy gap: Around 8-10 years lower
Life expectancy: How does it compare to non-indigenous Australians?
- Lower life expectancy rates at births for both males and females
- Life expectancy for Indigenous people are approx. 10 years lower than non-Indigenous
Mortality rates: How much higher are indigenous mortality rates?
- Indigenous people mortality rates are higher for all ages compared to non-indigenous.
Infant mortality rates: What are the differences in infant mortality?
Non-Indigenous infant mortality is twice more than non-indigenous
Chronic disease burden: What 4 main diseases affecting Indigenous Australians?
- Cancer
- Diabetes
- Injuries
- Repsiratory disease
Preventable causes of death: What factors contribute to higher rates of injury and suicide?
Socioeconomic and sociocultural determinants of health, including:
- Geographical location
- Quality of social connections
- Lower levels of education
- Employment & income
How does lower education impact health literacy?
- Poorer understanding of their health
- Unable to apply information to their life
- Making appropriate health decisions and acting on it.
What effect does unemployment have on health access?
Oncome loss or lower income ->
Difficulties in accessing health resources and services.
How does income inequality contribute to poor health outcomes?
Lower education about health and access to resources -> Undertake risk factors such as smoking and alcohol abuse
Why do Indigenous Australians experience higher rates of homelessness?
- Reduced access to secure and good-quality housing
- Discrimination when applying for accommodation
- Long waiting list for public housing in remote areas
What are the sociocultural determinants impacting indigenous health?
Family, peers, media, religion, and culture
How does family and culture influence health choices?
- Perceptions of health, illness and death
- Beliefs about causes of disease
- Approaches to health promotion
- How illness and pain are experienced and expressed
- Where, when and how patients seek help
- Types of treatment patients prefer
How does Geographical location impact access to healthcare?
Aboriginal people are more likely to live in regional and remote areas ->
Less access to health services, medication and support services
Why does overcrowded housing increase disease risk?
- Overcrowding increases the chance of infectious diseases spreading rapidly
- Increases the risk of childhood injuries
- Poor mental health status
How does limited access to clean water and sanitation affect health?
- Higher rates of gastrointestinal infection
- Increased rates of water borne pathogens
Are Indigenous housing more likely to be overcrowded?
3x more likely
What is the statistic of indigeous communities access to clean water and sanitation
Over 500 remote indigenous communities do not have access to clean, tested water
What barriers do Indigenous Australians face in accessing healthcare services?
- Remoteness
- Generational Trauma
- Stigma
- Lack of healthcare services
What is the role of Governments for improving health for ATSI?
Developing policies and funding initiatives (E.g, ‘Closing the Gap’)
What is the role of Communities for improving health for ATSI?
- Advocating to the government for specific health issues
- Developing local initiatives and getting others involved
What is the role of Individuals for improving health for ATSI?
Taking control of own health (E.g, Making informed health decisions)
What is the Nature of Health Inequalities?
- Chronic Disease
- Burden of disease
- Ability of the body to move
