Core 2 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What were the main aims of the League of Nations in the 1920s
Discourage aggression
To encourage disarmament
To improve people’s living/working conditions and combat disease
Encourage countries to cooperate (esp in business and trade)
COLLECTIVE SECURITY to prevent war
Who were the most powerful members of the league
Britain and France
Japan and Italy were also permanent members of the council but had less influence
What did the big three intend with the league
Lloyd George thought it should only meet in emergencies
Clemenceau wanted to create a strong league with its own army
Wilson wanted it to try and solve international issues, like a world parliament
What were a few factors inhibiting the success of the league
Leaders did not agree on its role
USA didn’t join
Had mixed results on border disputes
Why was the absence of the US significant to the league
Uk and France did not have recourses to fill the void America left (they were not as major powers)
America had many recourses
It was the idea of Woodrow wilson (an American) but WARREN HARDINGS policy of isolationism prevented them from joining
Why didn’t the us join the League of Nations
Republican candidate Warren Harding’s (1921-1923) policy of isolationism and ‘return to normalcy’
US Congress did not support the league (didn’t want to be involved in international affairs)
What were the 4 main aims of the covenant
Decorate aggression- act together to prevent war ARTICLE 10 COLLECTIVE SECURITY
promote international cooperation and trade
To encourage disarmament
To improve living and working conditions
What disputes were successful handled by the league in the 20s
Aaland islands 1921- Finland and Sweden had claim to these islands- league ruled in favour of Finland, Sweden accepted
Upper Silesia 1921- plebiscite held showing both germany and Poland had claim so league partitioned the region, this was accepted
Bulgaria 1925- Greece ordered to pay £45,000 compensation for an incident on the Bulgarian border- accepted but felt that Italy had unfair treatment after the Corfu incident in 1923
What disputes were not successfully handled by the League of Nations
Ruhr invasion 1923- France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr for reparations without consulting the league who was powerless to stop them
Corfu 1923- Italian officer was murdered, Mussolini occupied Corfu- Greece appealed to the league who just condemned the invasion- Mussolini turned to the CONFERENCE OF AMBASSADORS- the league gave him his way Uk+ France did not act- forced Greece to pay compensation
Vilna 1920-29- Poland took vilna in Lithuania- they appealed to the league asking Poland to leave but they refused- uk+ France wouldn’t act against Poland
What were the agencies of the league
International labour organisation Slavery commission health committee Refugee committee Economic and financial organisation Disarmament commission
Name a success and failure of the slavery committee
S: freed 200,000 slaves in Serra leone
F: did not end ‘white slave traffic
Name a success and failure of the health committee
S: helped introduce vaccines for diseases like malaria
Became the World health organisation
F: none
Name a success and failure of the international labour organisation
S: banned lead from paint, limited child labour, campaigned for 8 hour day 48 hour week
F: lacked funds, members didn’t accept changes
Name a success and failure of the refugees committee
S: helped 425,000 people find/ return to their homes - got rid of diseases in refugee camps
F: lack of funds
Name a success and failure of the disarmament commission
S:Washington naval commission (1921) limited France, Britain Japan and the USAs navies
Locarno treaty (1925) germany accepted western boarders
F: only germany was forced to disarm
Disarmement conference was only held in 1932
