Core 6

Question 1

When was Churchill’s iron curtain speech?

Answer 1

5th March 1946

Question 2

When did the Hungarian uprising occur

Answer 2

1956

Question 3

What were the casualties of the Hungarian uprising

Answer 3

Approx 3,000 killed
12,000 arrested
450 executed

Question 4

What was the Warsaw Pact?

Answer 4

A military treaty linking the Eastern European communist countries to the Soviet Union

Question 5

How did Russia repress Hungary

Answer 5

Censorship, secret police (the AVH) and controls of what schools taught

Question 6

How did the communist party treat religion in Hungary

Answer 6

It was banned as ‘dangerous propaganda’

Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty was arrested, totured and put in prison

Question 7

What was the state of Hungary economically in 1956

Answer 7

They were very poor after ww2 and needed to rebuild but most of their recourses went to Russia instead- living standards dropped substantially

Question 8

When did Stalin die

Answer 8

1953

Question 9

Who replaced Stalin as the leader of the Soviet Union

Answer 9

Nikita Khrushchev

Question 10

What factors encouraged the Hungarian people to rebel in 1956

Answer 10

They thought the United nations or America would get involved (Eisenhower was president)
Stalin had dies in 1953 and Khrushchev seemed less brutal
June 1956 polish uprising - Russia had given in to some of their demands

Question 11

Who was president of America in 1956

Answer 11

Eisenhower

Question 12

What happened on the 23rd of October 1956

Answer 12

Students brought down a statue of Stalin

Question 13

What happened on the 24th October 1956 in Hungary

Answer 13

In response to demonstrations, Russian troops were sent to stop protests
Tanks stationed outside parliament buildings
Soldiers guarding key bridges and crossroads

Question 14

Who was the prime minister of the communist party in Hungary in 1956

Answer 14

Imre Nage

Question 15

What happened in Hungary on the 25th October 1956

Answer 15

Protestors took control of running the country

Politicians loyal to Russia had to flee

Question 16

When did Khrushchev agree to Nage’s reforms and retract troops from Budapest

Answer 16

28th October 1956

Question 17

What happened between the 29th of October and 4th of November 1956

Answer 17

The new Hungarian government introduced democracy, freedom of speech and religion, they released political prisoners and announced they were leaving the Warsaw Pact

Question 18

What did the new Hungarian government do in november 1956

Answer 18

They introduced democracy, freedom of speech and religion, they released political prisoners and announced they were leaving the Warsaw Pact, Nage also appealed to the UN for help in resolving the conflict

Question 19

How did Russia react to the new government of Hungary in November 1956

Answer 19

4th November- open thousand Russian tanks moved in on Budapest, seizing its airfields, highway junctions and bridges

Question 20

Who wa instated as tge new leader of Hungary after Nage

Answer 20

Janos kadar

Question 21

When did the ‘Prague Spring’ in Czechoslovakia begin

Answer 21

1968

Question 22

What reforms were proposed by Alexander Dubcek in Hungary

Answer 22

Abolition of censorship in media (reports on corruption etc were allowed)
Freedom of speech
The creation of workers councils in industry
Increased rights for trade unions
Rights for farmers to own independent farms separate from the state
Recognition of Slovak national identity and customs
Freedom of movement for all people

Question 23

What did Czekoslovakia not intend to do so that they could avoid intervention from the USSR

Answer 23

Change its foreign policy, leaving the Warsaw Pact or, ending its alliance with the USSR

Question 24

Who was the leader of the communist party in Czechoslovakia in 1968

Answer 24

Alexander Dubcek

Question 25

Why did the Soviet Union ask permission to send the red army to Czechoslovakia in 1968

Answer 25

They announced that there was evidence that Germany was planning an invasion Sudetenland and said Czechoslovakia needed protection

Question 26

What was the Brezhnev doctrine

Answer 26

It was a Soviet foreign policy that stated communist countries should be mindful of how their actions impacted other communist states

Question 27

What were the 2 main principles of the Brezhnev Doctrine

Answer 27

A one party system in each country | All countries had to remain members of the Warsaw Pact

Question 28

What would happen if the terms of the Warsaw Pact were not adhered to

Answer 28

The USSR would use military force to re-establish control

Question 29

When was Dubcek replaced

Answer 29

April 1969

Question 30

When did Brezhnev lead the Soviet Union

Answer 30

1964-1982

Question 31

When was Mikhail Gorbachev leader of the Soviet Union

Answer 31

1985-1991

Question 32

What were the similarities in Hungary and Czechoslovakia in terms of causes for uprising

Answer 32

Both countries had a long term resentment of Soviet rule

Question 33

What were the differences between C and H in terms of causes

Answer 33

Hungary was affected by external factors and the rebellion in Poland inspired them to act Czechoslovakia was affected by internal issues such as economic depression and desire for political change

Question 34

How was C and H similar in the aims of rebels

Answer 34

Both wanted to give their people more rights and lessen the control of the state

Question 35

How did C and H differ in terms of aims of rebels

Answer 35

Hungary wanted to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact and soviet influence, Czechoslovakia did not

Question 36

When was the Berlin Wall built

Answer 36

13th august 1961

Question 37

How did the actions of the people differ in Hungary and Czechoslovakia

Answer 37

Czechoslovakia was encouraged by their leaders changes | Hungarian people acted before their leaders

Question 38

What was similar about the reason the SU intervened in H+C

Answer 38

SU was very suspicious and afraid that ideas of rebellion would spread and lessen their sphere of influence