CORE 2 Flashcards
(50 cards)
What are the 3 areas of the muscle r/ship?
Agonist (contracting muscle, produces movement)
Antagonist (opposes movement and relaxes during movement)
Stabiliser (stabilises to ensure agonist can work efficiently)
What are the 3 types of muscle contraction?
Isometric (stays the same length)
Concentric (produces tension while shortening, against gravity, ‘up phase’)
• Eccentric (produces tension while lengthening, with gravity, ‘down phase’)
What is cardiorespiratory endurance?
The body’s ability to maintain movement for an extended period of time.
By having a high work level of cardiorespiratory endurance the body can work at higher intensities for longer without fatigue.
Therefore an athletes performance will increase and technique will be maintained with a greater consistency and execution of skills.
Testing for cardiorespiratory endurance
VO2 testing, beep test
What is muscular strength?
The measure of the maximal amount of force that a muscle can produce in one contraction. Greater strength means less “effort” is needed
Strength = more time to focus on technique
Strength = better posture increases biomechanical efficiency (core strength)
Testing for muscular strength
- 1RM testing (tests how much you can lift PB)
- Dynamometers (measures force and power)
What is muscular endurance?
Muscle’s ability to repeat a specific movement over and over again
Has repeated sub-maximal muscular contractions
Linked with lactic acid system burning sensation
Testing for muscular endurance
Repeating a specific movement over specified time, or until fatigued (movement must be specific to sport) – 800m runner’s thigh and hamstring endurance
What is flexibility?
The range of motion/movement at your joints and refers to your body’s ability to move freely.
Helps to prevent injury, improve posture, decrease back pain, maintain healthy joints and improve balance
Helps to improve technique and skill execution by allowing a more fluid movement
Testing for flexibility
- Sport specific (hard to test)
- Gymnastics splits = able to do straddle jump
What is body composition?
Focuses on a person’s percentage body fat, but can be used to determine bone, muscle and water composition percentages as well.
Testing for body comp
- Skin fold testing
- Underwater weighing
- Bioelectrical impedance
- Dexa scanning
- Bod pod
What is power?
An amount of work or force on an object done in a particular time.
Power is the ability to combine strength and speed in an explosive action.
What is speed?
The rate at which something moves, the distance an object travels in a set period of time.
High speed will frequently require high energy consumption and result in fatigue.
Testing for speed
- Speed gun
- Calculate the athlete’s maximal speed for their sport
What is agility?
A rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus.
Agility testing
- To test agility the athlete must not know what is about to happen.
- Eye tracking
What is coordination?
The body’s ability to perform smooth and efficient movements.
It requires the athlete to combine multiple movements into a single movement.
Hand-eye OR Foot-eye
What is balance?
The ability to stay in controls of your body’s position.
Static is the balance of a person while they are stationary
Dynamic balance occurs while the athlete is moving.
Balance testing
Stalk balance test
What is reaction time?
The speed at which an athlete responds to an external stimulus
R time testing
How fast a swimmer can jump off the block specific to sport
FITT principle
Frequency, intensity, type, time
What is heart rate?
- Heart rate is the number of times your heart beats in a minute.
- Heart rate responds to training by increasing from the resting value and is used to determine the intensity of the training session.
