Core 2: Factors Affecting Performance

Question 1

Energy systems

Answer 1

• Analectic system (ATP/PC)
• Lactic acid system
• Aerobic system

Question 2

Types of training and training methods

Answer 2

• Aerobic, e.g. continuous, fartlek, aerobic,
  interval, circuit
• Anaerobic, e.g. anaerobic interval
• Flexibility, e.g. static, ballistic, PNF,
  dynamic
• Strength, e.g. free/fixed weights, elastic,
  hydraulic

Question 3

Principles of training

Answer 3

• Progressive overload
• Specificity
• Reversibility
• Variety
• Training threshold
• Warm up & cool down

Question 4

Physiological adaptations in response to training

Answer 4

• Resting heart rate
• Stroke volume and cardiac output
• Oxygen uptake and lung capacity
• Haemoglobin level
• Muscle hypertrophy
• Effect on fast/slow twitch muscle fibres

Question 5

Motivation

Answer 5

• Positive & negative
• Intrinsic & extrinsic

Question 6

Anxiety and arousal

Answer 6

• Trait & state anxiety
• Sources of stress
• Optimum arousal

Question 7

Psychological strategies to enhance motivation and manage anxiety

Answer 7

• Concentration/attention skills (focusing)
• Mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery
• Relaxation techniques
• Goal setting

Question 8

Nutritional considerations

Answer 8

• Pre-performance, including carb loading
• During performance
• Post-performance

Question 9

Supplementation

Answer 9

• Vitamins/minerals
• Protein
• Caffeine
• Creatine products

Question 9

Recovery strategies

Answer 9

• Physiological strategies, e.g. cool down,
  hydration
• Neural strategies, e.g. hydrotherapy,
  massage
• Tissues damage strategies, e.g.
  cryotherapy
• Psychological strategies, e.g. relaxation

Question 10

Stages of skill acquisition

Answer 10

• Cognitive
• Associative
• Autonomous

Question 11

Characteristics of the learner

Answer 11

• Personality
• Heredity
• Confidence
• Prior experience
• Ability

Question 12

The learning environment

Answer 12

• Nature of the skill (open, closed, gross,
  fine, discrete, serial, continuous, self
  paced, externally paced)
• The performance elements (decision-
  making, strategic and tactical
  development)
• Practice method (massed, distributed,
  whole, part)
• Feedback (internal, external, concurrent,
  characteristics of the learner delayed,
  knowledge of results, knowledge of
  performance)

Question 13

Assessment of skill and performance

Answer 13

• Characteristics of skilled performers, e.g.
  kinaesthetic sense, anticipation,
  consistency, technique
• objective and subjective performance
  measures
• validity and reliability of tests
• personal versus prescribed judging criteria