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Core Content 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Name three properties of a ferrous metal

A

Contain iron
Rust
Magnetic

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2
Q

Give three examples of ferrous metals and a property for each

A

Mild steel - strong
Stainless steel - lightweight
Cast iron - durable

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3
Q

Describe three properties of non-ferrous metals

A

Doesn’t contain iron
Doesn’t rust
Usually not magnetic

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4
Q

Give three examples of non ferrous metals and their properties

A

Aluminium
Copper
Tin
All conductors

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5
Q

Define an alloy

A

Metal that is mixed or combined together with another substance to improve its qualities
(E.g. stronger, harder, lighter, rust resistant)

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6
Q

Give three examples of alloy eagles and what they are made from

A 
Brass = copper zinc
Bronze = copper tin
Pewter = tin antimony copper
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7
Q

Define a polymer

A

Very large chain like molecule made up of monomers

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8
Q

Name the two types of polymers

A

Thermo polymers

Thermosetting polymers

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9
Q

Give some properties of thermo polymers

A 
Soften when heated
Can be moulded
Harden once cooled
Can be reheated
Good plastic memory
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10
Q

Give three examples of examples of thermo polymers and their properties

A 
PET = strong, water proof 
Acrylic = brittle but hard
ABS = impact resistant, easy to clean
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11
Q

Give some properties of thermo setting polymers

A

Chemical change when heated
Become hard when cooled
Can’t be reheated
Bad plastic memory

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12
Q

Give three examples of thermosetting polymers and their properties

A

Silicone = insulator, durable
Polyester resin = strong, waterproof
Epoxy resin = strong, cheap

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13
Q

Describe woven fabrics and give some examples

A 
Made on manual automated looms 
Warp and weft yarns 
Warp = vertical
Weft = horizontal 
Corduroy, cotton, satin
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14
Q

Describe non-woven fabrics and give some examples

A

Lack strength
Bonded using pressure and heat or adhesives
Lose strength once wet
Felted fabric = heated, added moisture, friction
Used for surgical masks/gowns, wet wipes, tea bags, nappies

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15
Q

What is glass reinforced plastic and what is it used for

A

Polyester resin with fibre glass
Like a polymer but stronger
Used for boats and car bodies

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16
Q

What is carbon fibre and what’s it used for

A

Polyester resin with carbon fibres
Even stronger and lightweight that GRP
Used for helmets and bikes

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17
Q

What is Kevlar and what is it used for

A

Plastic woven in
Stronger and lighter than carbon fibre
Used for bulletproof vests

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18
Q

What are laminates and what are they used for

A

Layers of different materials
Improve strength, durability and water resistance, warp resistant, cheaper than timber, bigger boards
Used for waterproof jackets

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19
Q

Name 5 types of paper

A

Layout, copier, cartridge, bleedproof, sugar

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20
Q

Properties and uses of card

A

180-300gsm, wide range of colours/finishes/sizes, thin easy to fold/cut/print
Greetings cards

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21
Q

Properties and uses of cardboard

A

300 microns+, inexpensive, easily printed on, different sizes/surfaces/finishes
Cereal boxes, sandwich packets

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22
Q

Properties and uses of corrugated cardboard

A

3000 microns+, strong, lightweight, hard to bend, insulating

Pizza boxes

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23
Q

Properties and uses of board sheet

A

1400+ microns, rigid, smooth, different colours

Picture frame mounts, architectural modelling

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24
Q

Give three examples of laminated layers

A

Foam board
Styrofoam
Corriflute

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25
Properties and uses of foam board
5000 microns, lightweight, range of colours/sizes/thicknesses, rigid, insulating Modelling
26
Properties and uses of styrofoam
Range of sizes/thickness, string, lightweight, water resistant, insulator Wall insulation
27
Properties and uses of corriflute
Range of colours/sizes, rigid, lightweight, waterproof | Signs, packaging
28
Name three types of wood
Hardwoods Softwoods Manufactured boards
29
Properties and examples of hardwood
Deciduous trees, expensive, more durable, finishes well | Oak, mahogany, beech, ash
30
Properties and examples of softwoods
Coniferous trees, cheaper, less durable/strong, quicker to grow Pine, cedar, spruce
31
Properties and examples of manufactured boards
Layered sheets of soft and hard woods | Plywood, MDF, chipboard, block board
32
Names four types of fibres
Natural fibres Synthetic fibres Mixed fibres Blended fibres
33
Properties and examples of natural fibres
Found and sourced from plants and animals | Cotton, wool, silk
34
Properties and examples of synthetic materials
Man made from petrochemicals | Polyester, acrylic, nylon
35
Properties of mixed and blended fibres
Yarns of different fibres added together during production, mixed for aesthetics (lustre, colour)
36
Mixed/blended fabric example
Poly cotton | Polyester and cotton, strength, breathability, absorbency, crease resistance, cheaper
37
Properties of knitted fabrics
Rows of interlocking loops/stitches Weft- horizontal Warp- vertical
38
Properties of polymorph
Polymer granules, 60°c water, melted, can be moulded, reheat using water/hairdryer
39
Properties of Teflon
Non-stick coating, paints, cookware, carpets
40
Properties of Lenticular plastic sheet
Smooth on one side, small lenses on the other, 2D image, visual illusions
41
Properties of flexiply
Plywood, very flexible/bendable
42
Properties of precious metal clay
99% gold/silver, 1% clay, shaped at room temperature, kiln to harden Used to make jewellery
43
Properties of conductive polymers
Plastic that conducts electricity
44
Properties of shape memory alloy
Remembers original shape when deformed, returns when heated, spectacle frames, cooling vents
45
Properties of shape memory polymers
Programmed to remember original shape when heated
46
Properties of thermochromic sheet
Liquid Crystal ink, changes colours above 27°c | Toys, jewellery, temperature indicators
47
Properties of thermochromic pigments
Novelty mugs, reveal design when heat is added | Add to polymers, plastics react to heat, drink stirrers, baby sooons, temperature warning/indicator
48
Properties of photochromic materials
React to light, spectacles, turn dark in bright sun
49
Properties of self healing materials
Detract and repair damage done, embedded capsules, release adhesives Bio concrete, bacteria reacts with water to form limestone
50
Properties and uses of nomex
Heat/flame resistant Racing driver/firemen/astronaut clothing Oven gloves Fire resistant insulation
51
Properties and uses of Kevlar
``` Resistant to abrasion, sharp objects Stab/bullet proof vests, police/armed forces Motorcycles clothing Tyres Butcher/fishmonger gloves ```
52
Properties and uses of coolmax
Wicks water away from body, increase breathability | Bedding, sportswear, uniforms, underwear
53
Properties and uses of fastskin
Mimics shark skin, streamlining in water | Sportswear/swimwear
54
Density
g/cm3 = mass/volume | Metals denser than styrofoam
55
Strength/tenacity
Ability to withstand forces Compressive: withstand compression Tensile: withstand tension Yield: withstand forces before being permanently changed Impact: withstand sudden forces Composite materials, high tensile, low compressive
56
Hardness
Resistant to pressure Scratch, indentation, rebound Carbon steel Usually high hardness = high brittleness
57
Durability
Ability to withstand wear/damage
58
Strength to weight ratio:
Strength compared to weight | High ratio = strong but lightweight (aircrafts, carbon/glass fibre, polymers)
59
Stiffness
Rigidity Ceramics, glass, steel, high rigidity Polymers, foam, rubber, low rigidity
60
Elasticity
Ability to return to original shape after extension force | Elastic band
61
Impact resistance
Ability to withstand shock applied over a short time period | Polymers, rubber, nylon, mild steel (softer metal)
62
Plasticity
Ability to permanently change shape whe force is applied | Sheet steel
63
Ductility and malleability Examples Conditions that change it
``` D- How easy it is to deform without breaking M- When rolled into a sheet Soft metals (lead), polymers Temperature and application change properties ```
64
Brittleness
How easily a material breaks when bent or impacted Shatter/break rather than bend Opposite of ductility Decrease temperature, increase brittleness Metals (iron/aluminium)
65
Corrosive resistance
Susceptibility to degradation from the elements Rust- ferrous metals, oxygen and moisture Timber- hardwood, resistant, softwood, rot Polymer- UV light, oxygen and chlorine, swell/break
66
Water resistance
Ability to resist ingress of water Polymers (rubber, PVC) Coat other materials (clothing, boats, footballs)
67
Absorbency
Ability to absorb moisture | Cotton, linen, wool, cardboard
68
Flammability
Ability to burn/ignite Timbers, polymers, fabrics, papers, boards Metals not flammable
69
Electrical conductivity + examples
How easy it is for electricity to flow through Metals- good Wood/rubber- bad
70
Magnetic properties
Forces attract/repulse each other Metals containing iron/nickel/cobalt/magnetite Ferro-magnetic, artificial magnetism, fades over time
71
Thermal conductivity
Thermal fabrics, acrylic, viscose, jackets, cool bags, ironing boards Metals, good, used in radiators Heat resistance- styrofoam, softwoods, porous materials

DT (5 decks)

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