core studies Flashcards
(22 cards)
assumptions of psychodynamic
- innate, often sexual drives and early experiences work together to shape behaviour
- unconscious desires rule behaviour and we are unaware of motives
p + c psychodynamic: structure of personality
- made up of the id (pleasure) superego (moral parent) and ego (reality manager)
- ego uses defence mechanisms: repression (dreams), displacement and denial
dv of blakemore and cooper
- visual/motor behaviour once placed in an illuminated environment
- how they interacted with horizontal and vertical objects
maguire results
- taxi had sig more grey matter in right and left posterior hippocampus
- taxi had sig more volume of posterior hippocampus and sig less volume in anterior hippocampus
K: what are the 2 pre conventional levels of morality
- punishment and obedience (good to avoid punishment)
- self interest and returning favours (not just one right view, reciprocity)
K: the two conventional levels of moral development
- good boy/girl - to gain approval and be seen as good by others
- orientation to authority - rules within society and adhering to law/avoiding guilt
K: two post conventional levels of morality
- social contract - what society agrees, laws are important but can be changed, room for personal opinion
- conscience and ethics - own abstract ideas of justice and morals that may or may not fit the law
social psych assumptions
- behaviour is determined by a persons situation not disposition
- ruled by social norms (unwritten rules of society) even alone
- influenced by many people around us
cognitive assumptions
- behaviour driven by the mind, compared to a computer in input, storage and retrieval
- mind hold schemes (little pockets of info) held about the world to help make inferences
- ruled by internal thought processes thatt we may not be aware of
developmental assumptions
- behaviour is determined by upbringing and early experiences shape later behaviour
- changes are a continuous process over lifetime from inherited factors and life experience
- development occurs naturally with maturity but we are influenced by interactions
biological assumptions
- behaviour has a biological basis - the brain and the nervous system
- genetics and chemical processes influence behaviour
individual differences assumptions
- what makes us individuals make us behave as such, such as personality and intelligence
- focuses on differences in people not similarities and our unique factors such as gender identity and sexuality
behaviourism assumptions
- all behaviour is a product of learning and experience
- nurture has a much larger influence on behaviour
- begin as a blank slate - behaviour is learned by stimulus response relationships
social application
- travelling to different cultures - helpful to be respectful as everywhere has different norms
- eg tipping in america / asia
- simpatia, safe to travel alone?
cognitive application
- mind creating a storing memories - justice system and eyewitnesses testimonies
- may be manipulated by lawyers
- keep close eye on leading questions
- accurate prosecutions
development application
- working with troubled children and young adults
- violence can be understood by early experience not disposition
- leads to more compassion in education and care - the possibility to change
biological application
- scientific processes to undertsand the brain using brain plasticity
- can adapt and meet demands - brain injury and trauma
- train patients in skills with working regions to recover and function again
individual differences application
- using a range of treatments for mental illness in talking therapies
- relationship means better understanding of needs not a blanket approach
psychodynamic application
explains unusual behaviour due to unconscious feelings such as phobias
- may not understand fear - patient and therapist works together
- can use collection of info - understand and cure
behaviourism application
- behaviour is learned - use schools and conditions
- kids may be naughty due to consequence of attention - operant
- punishments don’t work, use rewards and consistently praise good work
studies for individual vs situational
i
hancock, freud, casey
s
levine, milgram, bocciaro and bandura
studies for reductionism vs holism
r
hancock, moray, milgram and maguire
h
baron cohen, casey, freud, levine
