Core studys Flashcards
(103 cards)
What was the observation type of Bocchiaro et al. on disobedience?
Controlled observation (in a laboratory).
What was the sample type of the Milgram study on obedience?
Self-selected sample
By how many volts did the switches go up by with each increment, in the Milgram study on obedience?
15
What was the observation type of Milgram?
Controlled observation
In the Milgram on obedience, why were participants told that the study was about memory when the real aim was about obedience?
Milgram argued that “illusion is used when necessary in order to set the stage for the revelation of certain difficult-to-get-at-truths”(avoid demand characteristics and act genuinely instead of artificially)
Name 2 prods from the Milgram on obedience study?
(any two of)
1)’Please continue.’ Or ‘Please go on.’
2)’The experiment requires that you continue.’
3)’It is a absolutely essential that you continue.’
4)’You have no other choice, you must go on.’
What were the conclusions from the Milgram on obedience study?
People are surprisingly obedient to authority.
The study demonstrated the power of the situation in obedience, rather than dispositional factors (that Germans are different)
A significant number of participants were disobedient
What were the materials of Bocchairo et al. on disobedience?
1.Reasearch committee ethics form
2.HEXACO-PI-R
3.Decomposed games measure
In the Bocchiaro et al. on disobedience study, What is the percentage of people who disobeyed?
14.1% (14% also accepted)
What was the sample type of Bocchiaro et al. on disobedience?
Self-selected sample
What were the conclusions from the Bocchiaro et al. on disobedience study?
What people believe they will do is quite different to what they actually do. This belief that they are ‘better than average’ may make them blind to social pressures and thus more vulnerable to them.
Situational factors rather than dispositional factors may offer a better explanation for disobedience.
In the Bocchiaro et al. on disobedience study on disobedience, What is the percentage of people who obeyed?
76.5% (76% also accepted)
What type of study was Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 2)?
A longitudinal study
In the Loftus and Palmer. study on Eyewitness testimony (experiment 1), what are the 5 critical verbs?
Smashed, Collided, Bumped, Hit and Contacted
What type of experiment was Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony?
A laboratory experiment
What type of design was Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony?
A independent measures design
In the Loftus and Palmer. study on Eyewitness testimony (experiment 2), what are the 2 critical verbs?
Smashed and Hit
What were the conclusions from the Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony study?
Experiment 1:The way a question is asked can affect the answer given.
Experiment 2:Such questions influence the memory that is stored rather than just biasing a person’s response
This shows that 2 types of complex information make up our memory of a complex event. Firstly the information from our perception of the event and secondly the information we receive after the event
What type of study was Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 1)?
A snapshot study
What was the procedure Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 1)? (step one)
Participants were first asked to describe the accident and then given the series of questions about the film clips including one critical question: How fast were the cars going when they [insert verb] each other?
Participants were in one of five different verb conditions:
•Group 1: the verb was ‘hit’.
•Group 2:the verb was ‘contacted’.
•Group 3:the verb was ‘smashed’.
•Group 4: the verb was ‘bumped’.
•Group 5: the verb was ‘collided’.
Participants were asked (on the questionnaire) to estimate the car’s speed in miles per hour (mph).
What was the procedure Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 1)? (step two)
Participants were first asked to describe the accident and then given the series of questions about the film clips including one critical question: How fast were the cars going when they [insert verb] each other?
Participants were in one of five different verb conditions:
•Group 1: the verb was ‘hit’.
•Group 2:the verb was ‘contacted’.
•Group 3:the verb was ‘smashed’.
•Group 4: the verb was ‘bumped’.
•Group 5: the verb was ‘collided’.
Participants were asked (on the questionnaire) to estimate the car’s speed in miles per hour (mph).
What was the procedure Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 1)? (step three)
Participants were first asked to describe the accident and then given the series of questions about the film clips including one critical question: How fast were the cars going when they [insert verb] each other?
Participants were in one of five different verb conditions:
•Group 1: the verb was ‘hit’.
•Group 2:the verb was ‘contacted’.
•Group 3:the verb was ‘smashed’.
•Group 4: the verb was ‘bumped’.
•Group 5: the verb was ‘collided’.
Participants were asked (on the questionnaire) to estimate the car’s speed in miles per hour (mph).
What was the procedure Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 2)? (step one)
Part 1: Participants were again first asked to describe the accident and then given the questions about the film clips, including a critical question about speed: How fast were the cars going when they [insert verb] each other?
There were in three groups of participants:
•Experimental group 1: the verb was ‘smashed’.
•Experimental group 2: the verb was ‘hit’.
•Group 3 (control group): There was no question.
Part 2: The participants were asked to return to the laboratory a week later.
They were asked some further questions about the film clips they had seen a week earlier. One of the questions was ‘Did you see any broken glass?’ (There had not been any broken glass in any of the film clips.)
What was the procedure Loftus and Palmer on eyewitness testimony (experiment 2)? (step two)
Part 1: Participants were again first asked to describe the accident and then given the questions about the film clips, including a critical question about speed: How fast were the cars going when they [insert verb] each other?
There were in three groups of participants:
•Experimental group 1: the verb was ‘smashed’.
•Experimental group 2: the verb was ‘hit’.
•Group 3 (control group): There was no question.
Part 2: The participants were asked to return to the laboratory a week later.
They were asked some further questions about the film clips they had seen a week earlier. One of the questions was ‘Did you see any broken glass?’ (There had not been any broken glass in any of the film clips.)
