Corneal Disease/Infections

Question 2

In patients with any disease of the cornea, which of the following is common in nearly all patients?

1 - red eye
2 - photophobia
3 - foreign object feeling
4 - dry eyes

Answer 2

2 - photophobia

Typically acute in onset

Question 3

Which 2 of the following should always be asked about in patients who present with suspected corneal disease?

1 - autoimmune conditions
2 - cold sore history
3 - swimming history
4 - contact lens history

Answer 3

2 - cold sore history

4 - contact lens history

Question 4

Which 2 of the following can cause dry eye and lead to corneal disease?

1 - blepharitis
2 - eczema
3 - glaucoma
4 - cataracts

Answer 4

1 - blepharitis
2 - eczema

Question 5

Do daily or monthly contact lens wearers have a greater risk of corneal infection?

Answer 5

• monthly users

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT increase the risk of contact lens associated infection?

1 - swimming with contact lens
2 - cleaning with sterile solutions
3 - cleaning with tap water
4 - sleeping in contact lens

Answer 6

2 - cleaning with sterile solutions

All of the others can increase the risk of infection

Question 7

What is the most common organism associated with corneal infection due to contact lenses?

1 - staphylococcus aureus
2 - streptococcus pneumoniae
3 - klebsiella pneumoniae
4 - pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 7

4 - pseudomonas aeruginosa

Gram negative bacteria

Question 8

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common organism associated with corneal infection due to contact lenses. Which of the following is an appropriate 1st line treatment for a Pseudomonas aeruginosa eye infection?

1 - narrow spectrum antibiotics sensitive to Gram negative bacteria
2 - broad spectrum antibiotics sensitive to Gram negative bacteria
3 - broad spectrum antibiotics sensitive to Gram positive bacteria
4 - narrow spectrum antibiotics sensitive to Gram positive bacteria

Answer 8

2 - broad spectrum antibiotics sensitive to Gram negative bacteria

Question 9

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common organism associated with corneal infection due to contact lenses. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate treatment for a Pseudomonas aeruginosa eye infection?

1 - chlorophenicol
2 - flouroquinolone (Ofloxacin)
3 - cephalosporin (Cefuroxime)
4 - none of the above are suitable

Answer 9

1 - chlorophenicol

This is normally the most commonly used antibiotics used to treat occular infections, but THIS IS NOT EFFECTIVE against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 10

Acanthamoeba, a genus of ameoba, is an infection of the eye and is common in contact lens wearers. Which 2 of the following risk factors are most likely to cause Acanthamoeba in contact lens wearers?

1 - swimming with contact lens
2 - cleaning with sterile solutions
3 - cleaning with tap water
4 - sleeping in contact lens

Answer 10

1 - swimming with contact lens
3 - cleaning with tap water

Acanthamoeba can be found in tap water and swimming pools

Question 11

Does Acanthamoeba typically present with acute onset or insidiously?

Answer 11

• insidiously

Intense pain and photophobia

Question 12

Patients with Acanthamoeba can have insidiously onset of intense pain and photophobia. But what can clinicians see early on in patients with Acanthamoeba?

1 - eye looks healthy
2 - red eyes
3 - early signs of corneal ulcer
4 - episcleritis

Answer 12

1 - eye looks healthy

This can make it very difficult to diagnose early , but needs confocal microscopy to visualise the cysts.

Late diagnose can lead to ulcers and even vision loss

Question 13

How is Acanthamoeba treated?

1 - high dose topical antibiotics
2 - given hourly
3 - admit to hospital to monitor
4 - all of the above

Answer 13

4 - all of the above