Coronavirus, Falvivirus, Calicivirus

Question 1

Structure of the Coronavirus

Answer 1

Enveloped
+ ss RNA — can act as mRNA and goes to ribosome directly
Helical symmetry
Replicate in host cell cytoplasm
Higher replication error rate
Big size
High frequency of new viral subtypes

Question 2

Proteins of Coronavirus

Answer 2

Spike protein
Membrane protein — integral membrane protein
Some have Hemagglutinin esterase — receptor binding

Question 3

Spike protein of Coronavirus

Answer 3

Receptor binding activity
Membrane fusion activity
Major ag for neutralizing ab

Question 4

Human coronaviruses

Answer 4

Alpha coronaviruses
Beta coronaviruses — common cold

Question 5

2 serotypes of Alpha coronaviruses

Answer 5

229E
NL63

Question 6

Coronaviruses that can infect both humans and animals

Answer 6

SARS-CoV
MERS-CoV
SARS-CoV-2

Question 7

Similarity between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

Answer 7

Genuses are same : Clade 1, lineage B

Question 8

Which receptor does SARS-CoV uses

Answer 8

ACE-2

Question 9

Which receptor does MERS-CoV uses

Answer 9

DPP4—> Dipeptidyl peptidase 4

Question 10

Which receptor does SARS-CoV-2 uses

Answer 10

ACE-2

Question 11

Among coronaviruses which one have the highest mortality rate

Answer 11

MERS

Question 12

Among Coronaviruses which one is the most infective one

Answer 12

SARS has the highest R0

Question 13

Characteristic lab finding of COVID

Answer 13

Lymphopenia
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase

Question 14

Main variant of COVID

Answer 14

Omicron

Question 15

Diagnosis of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

Answer 15

Rt-PCR test
Serology

Question 16

Antiviral drug for SARS-CoV

Answer 16

Remdesivir

Question 17

Which coronavirus have a vaccine

Answer 17

SARS-CoV-2

Question 18

Properties of Calicivirus

Answer 18

Small virion
Positive sense
Ss RNA
Icosahedral capsid symmetry
* Not cultivated in vitro

Question 19

Human agent of Calicivirus

Answer 19

Norovirus

Question 20

Species of Norovirus

Answer 20

Norwalk virus

Question 21

Transmission of Norovirus

Answer 21

Extremely contagious
Very low ID50
Person to person contact
Contaminated water or food
Survives long on surfaces

Question 22

Norovirus causes

Answer 22

Diarrhea
Vomiting
Non bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks
* Stomach flu

Question 23

Pathogenesis of Norovirus

Answer 23

Usually produces incomplete and temporary immunity
No vaccine bc of this

Question 24

Arenavirus causes

Answer 24

Rodent-transmitted disease in humans

Question 25

Properties of Arenavirus

Answer 25

Spherical shape Linear or circular - sense ssRNA Enveloped Replicates in host cell cytoplasm

Question 26

Reservoir of Arenavirus

Answer 26

Rodents

Question 27

Transmission of Arenavirus

Answer 27

Transmitted by rodent urine/ feces contaminated food/ water / aerosols

Question 28

Which Arenavirus is the only one that exist in both new world and old world

Answer 28

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis

Question 29

Arenavirus-LCM virus properties

Answer 29

Flu-like febrile illness Cause meningitis ** Large numbers of lymphocytes in CSF —> characteristic Vertical transmission to fetus

Question 30

Arenavirus-Lassa fever

Answer 30

Lassavirus *Person to person transmission Asymptomatic Endo cell damage Platelet dysfunction —> bleeding can not stop Suppressed cardiac function

Question 31

Diagnosis of Arenaviruses

Answer 31

ELISA IgM and IgG RT-PCR

Question 32

Treatment of Arenavirus

Answer 32

Supportive therapy Ribavirin No vaccine

Question 33

Filovirus causes

Answer 33

Hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates

Question 34

Two members of Filovirus

Answer 34

Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus

Question 35

Transmission of Filoviruses

Answer 35

Transmission to human is unknown Transmitted from patient to a close contact by infective body fluids

Question 36

Properties of Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus

Answer 36

Filamentous Enveloped Helical capsid Negative-sense Ss RNA Replicates in the host cell cytoplasm Produces a lot of virions

Question 37

Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus causes

Answer 37

Tissue necrosis in organs Endo cell/platelet dysfunction Whole body is effected bc it effects cell vessels Internal and external bleeding

Question 38

Diagnosis of Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus

Answer 38

Detection of IgM or viral ag

Question 39

Treatment of Ebola

Answer 39

Supportive care No virus specific drug