Corporations Flashcards

1
Q

Corporations

A

form of business organization the purpose of which is to produce profit or the owners/shareholders

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2
Q

TNC

A

corporation that controls

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3
Q

Corporations during colonialism

A

Large chartered companies

Shareholders accountable for harms cause by company

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4
Q

Corporations during slavery and industrial revolution + development banking

A

-> growth of corporations wanting more rights and less constraints.

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5
Q

Corporations during the 19th century

A

Used law that was originally used to create rights for newly freed AAs

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6
Q

Corporations during the 1960’s

A

Free trade and investment treaties

Moving production around the world
Easier to move money around the world.

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7
Q

Corporations during the 80s

A

?

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8
Q

Benefits of TNCS

A

More selection of goods
Providing jobs
Efficiency
New skills

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9
Q

Harms TNCs cause

A

Wiping out local businesses
Poor Labour opportunities
Not held accountable for their actions
Standardizing culture
Most corporate leaders are white men, and are probably out of touch with realities on the ground.
When corporations do do harm, they might already know they might be charged and so they just factor in that cost before production.

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10
Q

TNC’s are becoming more powerful

A

<10% of companies earn 80% of all profits globally

The top 10 corporations combined revenue > the 180 ‘poorest’ countries combined

69 of the world’s 100 largest economic entities are corporations and??

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11
Q

Corporations and Tax

A

Corporations are paying less tax than people (Canadians are paying more than 3 times more taxes than Canadian TNC’s). This didn’t use to be the case.

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12
Q

Global Production Network

A

Production system coordinated and controlled by a globally significant TNC.
- involves vast network of overseas affiliates, strategic partners, key customers and non-firm institutions

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13
Q

“Configuring the production network”

A

?

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14
Q

??

A

?

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15
Q

Organizing transnational production

A

Concentrated

Host-market production

Specialized production

Vertical intergration

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16
Q

Corporate Culture `

A

Ways of Thinking

Material practices

Social relationships

Power Relations

17
Q

Corporate Culture `

A

Ways of Thinking

Material practices

Social relationships

Power Relations

Historical Trajectory

18
Q

“TNC’s remain embedded economically politically, and culturally in countries of origin”

A

Nationality of directors

Legal frameworks that bind company action

Financial system governing decision making

National cultures of doing business

Attitudes to organized labour

19
Q

Internal transaction (intra-firm)

A

Activities that occur within the organizational boundaries of a particular TNC.

20
Q

Internal transaction (intra-firm)

A

Activities that occur within the organizational boundaries of a particular TNC.

  • pricing decisions made by corporate HQ
  • Can be important means of tax avoidance
21
Q

External transactions (inter-firm)

A

Business relationships between independent firms

- market pricing and competition

22
Q

Positive view on impacts on TNCs in host regions

A

Transform regional economies

Create jobs

23
Q

Negative view

A
Loss of control over local economy
Little/no taxes or royalties aid
Only low skilled, insecure jobs
Displacement of local firms.
Lack of commitment by foreign investors 
Take resources, damage environment
Infrastructure for resource extraction, not national development.
24
Q

Limits to global reach

A

Consumer preferences
Cultural norms and values
different ways of doing business
Anti globalization activism

25
Q

ISO SR26000 standard on social responsibility 7 principles ADD MORE

A

Accountability

Transparency?

26
Q

Corporate social responsibility

A

is kind of hollow because they will probably do it to add to their profits. More and more consumers are demanding corporate social responsibility

27
Q

Switzerland’s role in ?

A

one of the wealthiest countries in the world, because of banking. Corporations get their money from swiss banks accounts.

28
Q

Switzerland’s role in ?

A

one of the wealthiest countries in the world, because of banking. Corporations get their money from Swiss banks accounts.

29
Q

Poverty in Africa - Zambia

A

beginning with colonialism, and now global commodity circuits.

Glencore ??? - 29 billion dollar extracted from Zambia in copper.