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Corrections Final Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Legal Issues with Prisons

A

What happens within corrections is ‘none of our business’, whatever is necessary for punishment… but this frequently leads to abuse of power

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2
Q

Sociology of Confinement - What are some things that affect inmates transitions?

A
  • Inmate is confronted by a new place
  • Experiences before prison come into play
  • Fellow inmates have major influences
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3
Q

Sociology of Confinement - Factors that Affect Adjustment

A
  • Pre prison experiences
  • Characteristics of Inmates
  • External influences / expectations
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4
Q

Forms of Adaptation (John Irwin) - Four Adaptations / Roles

A

Doing Time
Gleaning
Jailing
Disorganized

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5
Q

Doing Time

A

Sees doing time as a break in their careers as criminals

The prison experience is not going to make much of an impact on these people

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6
Q

Gleaning

A

Taking advantage of what is being offered

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7
Q

Jailing

A

Individual cuts themselves off from the outside in a nonchalant manner
“State Raised”

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8
Q

Disorganized

A

These individuals tend to have psych problems, physical disabilities, or things that don’t allow them to be involved in normative ways
*Sometimes other inmates prey on these individuals

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9
Q

Inmate Code

A 
Don't:
*Bring Heat
*Exploit inmates
*Cop out
*Talk to a screw
Do:
*Be tough, be a man
*Have connections
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10
Q

Death Penalty

A

-

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11
Q

Describe the Moratorium, and give states who are carrying it out

A

Moratorium - Have death penalty and are not carrying it out.

Colorado, Oregon

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12
Q

Describe the Repeal & the states that have repealed

A

New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Connecticut, Illinois

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13
Q

Narrow Circumstances -What are the circumstances & what states have this plan?

A

Maryland - DNA and Video only

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14
Q

DNA Testing & The Innocence Project - what is the concept?

A

Intended to use journalism and law students to examine cases to find miscarriages of justice.
Supports the reanalysis of physical evidence in the crime - with dna analysis

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15
Q

Death Penalty - Public Opinion (today vs. ‘98)

A

Today - around 55%

This is down from 80% in 1998

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16
Q

How many countries have retained, abolished, and kept the death penalty for rare circumstances?

A

Retained - 58
Abolished - 97
Retentionist - 42

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17
Q

Arguments in favor of the death penalty

A 
Retribution
Deterrence
"Just deserts" for a capital offense
Incapacitation
Public Support
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18
Q

Arguments against the death penalty

A 
Barbaric
Unfair and error prone
Nothing more than revenge
More expensive than life
Arbitrary
Not actually a deterrent
Incapacitation can be life w/o parole
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19
Q

Factors that affect Re-Entry

A 
Identification
Housing
Employment Readiness
Transportation
Money Management / Credit
Education options & resources
Healthy lifestyles
Family relationships
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20
Q

Identification Challenges

A

How do you prove your identity to get an ID other than a state corrections ID

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21
Q

Housing Challenges

A

Where will you live? Family is ideal… but what is available with the amount of money?

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22
Q

Employment Readiness & retention

A

The world has changed a lot since incarceration… Do you know how to use the internet?

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23
Q

Transportation

A

How do you get to and from work? 16 bus tokens won’t get you far

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24
Q

Money Management / Credit

A

Former inmates often have poor money mgmt skills

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25
Educations options, Resources, Issues
Some schools won't touch you if you've been convicted of a felony
26
Healthy Lifestyles
Can be difficult to overcome the challenges with peer influences re:drugs, etc.
27
Family Relationships
It's important to maintain family relationships - things can be v difficult if you get out and don't have these.
28
--Community Corrections--
-
29
Why do we have CC?
Alternative means of punishment for those who would benefit more from staying in the community
30
Types of Community Corrections
Parole, Probation, Halfway Houses, Boot Camps
31
Parole
*Conditional, revocable release from incarceration
32
Who grants parole?
Parole board
33
Who is eligible?
Good time, earned time factor in
34
What is required before granting parole?
Interview with a plan - where are you going? | Parole Board hearing - decisions made
35
Similar to probation, what are some conditions that are required of parolees?
``` Obey all laws Pay restitution to vic Attend classes/programs Pay fine Stay away from victim Supervision/Checking in ```
36
Probation
Roots in benefit of clergy - Church had its own power to punish Sentence where offender can remain in community - subject to supervision and other conditions
37
John Augustus
Responsible "father" of probation. "If you don't sentence him to jail, I will ensure that he leads a lawful life" Turned out to be a success - eventually took on a caseload
38
Technical vs. Susbstantive violations
Technical - picked up in bar you weren't supposed to be in | Substantive - you robbed a bar.
39
Halfway Houses
-
40
What groups originally ran these Houses
Religious groups - used to be accommodating with food, shelter, clothing, etc
41
Now who runs these Houses
Private entities - "pay us this much and we will service x amount of inmates who come through" Larimer, Weld - only two that run their own in the state
42
Goals of a halfway house
Build and maintain ties Individualize sentences Resocialize in a "normal" manner Economical, cheaper, etc.
43
Boot Camps - What philosophy?
Shock incarceration
44
What are the objectives of a boot camp
Deterrent jolt / stimulate readiness for rehab / community protection?
45
What is net widening?
process of administrative or practical changes that result in a greater number of individuals controlled by the CJ system
46
--
--
47
Women in Corrections
--
48
Why are women referred to as "forgotten offenders?"
* Institutions are fewer and farther away * Fewer programs, fewer women * Fewer specialized insititutions * More drugs, less violent offenses * More physical / sexual abuse
49
Race & Ethnicity in Corrections
Very disproportionate minority contact & confinement
50
What is racism?
Race --> Hereditary Traits --> Racism
51
What is ethnocentrism?
Ethnicity --> Cultural Features --> Ethnocentrism
52
Where are there disparities in CJ?
``` Bail disparity Sentencing Disparity Drug arrests Drug sentences Time served ```
53
15,000 Drug cases studied - for 100months white person, how many more for a black person?
160 months
54
Mandatory Minimums
Prosecutors are more likely to insist on the mandatory minimums for african americans - this seems to be more due to institutionalized racism
55
African Americans - some Stats
13% of population 14% of drug users 37% of drug arrestees 56% of people in prison for Drug Offenses
56
Juvenile Corrections
--
57
Origins of the Juvenile Court
Child severs movement | Parens Patriae - Gov / State was parent of whole nation
58
Populations served
Youthful Offenders Status offenders - status as a juvenile means you can't do certain things Abused / Neglected / Dependent - child may be incorrigible
59
Due Process - remember the years
Pre 1967 - Era of Socialized Juvenile Justice 0 - courts had wide latitude, could do pretty much anything 1967 On - Limited due process era - Case called In RE: Gault
60
Gault Case - Discuss originally what happened
Gault was accused of making an obscene phone call, Denied making the call, was sentenced to juvie
61
Gault Case - Established due process, what rights do juveniles now have?
* Timely notification of charges * Confront Witnesses * No self incrimination * Counsel
62
Juvenile Probation--
--
63
Direct order vs. Suspended Incarceration
Under Suspended, you could be sent to an institution if you screw up Under Direct, this is not a possibility
64
Conditions unique to Juvenile Probation
Stay in school - usually the main condition | Stay away from bad associations, places, etc.

Corrections (3 decks)

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