Cosmetic Chemistry Flashcards
Solution
Blended mixture of two or more substances, solid liquid or gas, usually found in liquid example is a toner
Solute
Is dissolved substance
Solvent
Substance that dissolves the solute, usually water. Solvent is the greater amount than solute. Remember the word is longer
Example of solution
Kool-aid. Solute is the power and solvent is the water
Emulsions
Permanent mixture of 2 or more substances which do not normally mix well
Immiscible
Substances do not mix well ex. Oil and water or oil and vinegar- will separate if left standing
Emulsion’s composition
Fatty substances that make skin feel more pliable
Fats, oils, waxes
Reduce evaporation of moisture
What are examples of emulsions
Lanolin and mineral oil. sheep’s wool is natural lanolin
What is the water or aqueous phase of emulsions
Water plus hydrophilic (affinity for water) ingredients
Ex. Humectants like glycerin
How do ingredients mix if are immiscible?
Hydrophilic part likes water
Lipophilic part like oil
With an emulsifier to hold substances together
Example of an emulsifier
Beeswax, egg yolk in mayonnaise which has lecithin
Two types of emulsions
Oil in water (more water)
Water in oil (more oil)
Oil in water emulsion
Easily removed with water
Usually milky, free flowing lotions
Ex. Cleansing milk
Water in oil emulsion
Water droplets in oil
Heavier and thicker
Ex. Night cream for dry skin
May be removed with tissue
Suspension definition
Temporary mixture of solid particles in liquid
Have larger particles than solution
Solid does not dissolve
Ex. Nail polish, foundation
Will separate if left standing
