Product Ingridients

Question 1

Surfactant

Answer 1

Surface active agent, provides cleansing action, creates foam found in cleansers soaps and shampoos

Question 2

Surfactant continued

Answer 2

Molecules have lipophilic (clings to oil and dirt) and hydrophilic part (helps to wash them away)

Question 3

Surfactant often starts with

Answer 3

Sodium
Ex. Sodium laureth sulfate

Question 4

Solvent

Answer 4

Can be used to dilute or carry other ingredients
Ex. Propylene glycol, butylene glycol and water

Question 5

Thickener

Answer 5

also called gelling agents
Makes products look richer, thicker and heavier

Question 6

Two types of alcohols

Answer 6

Drying alcohols
Fatty alcohol

Question 7

Drying alcohol

Answer 7

Denatured alcohol or alcohol denant
Antibacterial or drying properties
Isopropyl alcohol

Question 8

Fatty alcohols

Answer 8

Liquid with very high emollient qualities
Ex. Cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol

Question 9

PH adjuster

Answer 9

Adjusts alkalinity or acidity of product
Prevents irritation
Ex. Sodium citrate and citric acid

Question 10

Preservative

Answer 10

Chemical ingredients that prevent growth and bacteria, yeast and fungi in products
Many have paraben in it ex. Methylparaben

Question 11

Colourant

Answer 11

Added to make product more appealing
Doesn’t have major function in skin care

Question 12

Which ingredients could irritate the skin

Answer 12

Colourants and perfumes

Question 13

Humectants

Answer 13

Attract and hold moisture form the atmosphere and dermis
Preserve water levels in horny layer
Used to prevent creams from drying out
May have tacky feeling

Question 14

Examples of humectants

Answer 14

1. Glycerin
2. Sorbitol
3. Sodium PCA
4. Propylene Glycol
5. Hyaluronic Acid

Question 15

Occlusives

Answer 15

Prevent evaporation of moisture from skin

Question 16

3 types of occlusives

Answer 16

Mineral oil
Petroleum or petroleum jelly
Silicones

Question 17

Mineral oil

Answer 17

Effective film barrier against moisture loss
Source is crude oil
Want cosmetic grade or pharmaceutical grade as opposed to technical

Question 18

Petroleum or petroleum jelly

Answer 18

Want cosmetic grade
Source is petroleum
Vaseline brand
1-3% in skin care products

Question 19

Silicones

Answer 19

Includes dimethicone and cyclomethicone
Derived from sand and rock

Question 20

Silicone for dry skin

Answer 20

Dimethicone

Question 21

Silicone for oily skin

Answer 21

Cyclomethicone

Question 22

Free radicals

Answer 22

Harmful molecules unstable
Attack healthy cells, DNA and proteins causing damage and aging.

Question 23

Examples of free radicals

Answer 23

UV rays, pollution, smoking and stress

Question 24

Antioxidants

Answer 24

Neutralize free radicals
Anti inflammatory
Repair skin barrier
May increase collagen production

Question 25

Examples of antioxidants

Answer 25

Vitamin C and E Coenzyme Q10 Resveratrol Green tree extract Pomegranate

Question 26

Ceramides

Answer 26

Lipids found in horny layer Reduce evaporation of water Improve skin hydration and softness

Question 27

Peptides

Answer 27

Chain of amino acids Send messages to our skin to behave a certain way Anti aging benefits

Question 28

Example of peptides

Answer 28

Palmitoyl pentapeptide aka matrixyl Helps collagen production

Question 29

Vitamins

Answer 29

Group of organic compounds Essential for health and development

Question 30

Vitamin A

Answer 30

Retinol Improves skin texture and firmness Cell renewal Essential for normal skin development

Question 31

Vitamin C

Answer 31

Ascorbic acid Common antioxidants Strengthens capillaries Important role in synthesis of collagen Skin lightening

Question 32

Challenges with vitamin c

Answer 32

Ascorbic acid can be unstable Light sensitive- needs dark bottle Water can lead to oxidation Protect from air

Question 33

Vitamin E

Answer 33

Also called tocopherol Promotes tissue growth and spreads healing process Protects against sun damage

Question 34

Vitamin B3

Answer 34

Niacinimide Anti oxidants and anti inflammatory properties Strengthens skin barrier Reduces uneven skin tone Reduces dull appearance Softens fine lines