CP 7 Cell Cycle

Question 1

what are the Series of events that take place so that it can divide into 2 daughter cells(simplify mitosis)

Answer 1

○ Cell growth
○ DNA replication
○ Distribution of duplicated chromos to daughter cells
○ Cell division

Question 2

what is B period in bacterial cell division

Answer 2

cell growth

Question 3

what is c period in bacterial cell division

Answer 3

Chromosome replication

Question 4

where on the
chromosome does replication begin in the C period

Answer 4

at a single site called the Origin of Replication (ori)
2 oris go along either side of the circular DNA until they meet and then divide

Question 5

what is the d period in bacterial cell division

Answer 5

Binary Fusion (cell division)

Question 6

whats the difference between prok and euk cell division

Answer 6

Pro:
- 1 chromosome
- Has nucleoid
- Division = binary fission

Euk:
- Many chromos
- Has nucleus
- Division = Mitosis

Question 7

what r the 3 phases of Interphase

Answer 7

G1 - Growth
S - Replicates material
G2 - Prepares for cell division

Question 8

what are all the phases of mitosis

Answer 8

Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 9

what happens in prophase

Answer 9

• Chromos compact into rodlike structure
• Centrosome migrates to form spindle poles and forms spindle in cytoplasm

Question 10

what happens in prometaphase

Answer 10

• Nuclear envelope disappears
• Spindle enters former nuclear area
• Kinetochore protein assembles at centromere
• Microtubules form spindles that attach to Kinetochores on the chromos

Question 11

what happens in Metaphase

Answer 11

• Spindle is fully formed
  
  • Chromos align at center (metaphase plate)
  • Moved by spindle microtubules

Question 12

What happens in anaphase

Answer 12

• Spindles separate sister chromatids
  
  • Make daughter chromos
  • Chromo segregation complete

Question 13

What happens in telophase

Answer 13

• Spindles disassemble
  
  • Chromos decondense
  • New nuclear envelope forms around chromos

Question 14

What happens in animal cytokinesis

Answer 14

• divides cell
  
  • Microfilaments slide together and tighten band, gradually separates cytoplasm’s

Question 15

what happens in plant cytokinesis

Answer 15

• Cell wall material is deposited by vesicles to centre / midpoint
• Deposition continues until new wall separates daughter cells

Question 16

Definition of chromosome

Answer 16

Nuclear units of genetic information that are duplicates. Segregated and distributed by mitotic cells division

Question 17

What is a Haploid

Answer 17

a creature with 1set of chromos

Question 18

what is a diploid

Answer 18

creature with 2 sets of chromos

Question 19

What does the nucelosomeconsist of (histone complex)

Answer 19

• Histon proteins 1-4
• DNA coiled up around these proteins

Question 20

How does spindle formation occur in Plant cells

Answer 20

• from microtubules (multiple organizing centres)
• Assemble in all directions surrounding nucleus

Question 21

Hoe does spindle formation occur in animal cells

Answer 21

• Centrosome divides
• Microtubules from centrosomes form early spindle

Question 22

what r 2 types of Microtubules

Answer 22

Kinetochores
Non-Kinetochores

Question 23

what does a Kinetochore Microtubule do

Answer 23

segregate daughter chromos

Question 24

What do Non-Kinetochore microtubules do

Answer 24

• Extend cell
  
  • Bring centrosome further apart
  • Overlap eachother