CP - reye Flashcards
What is cerebral palsy?
A non-progressive motor dysfunction disorder.
What are the common symptoms of CP?
Speech, ocular, motor difficulties, seizures, cognitive challenges.
What are the types of CP?
4 types (spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, mixed).
What are risk factors for CP?
Fetal anoxia, maternal infection (CMV, toxoplasmosis), birth injury, nutritional deficiencies.
What prenatal advice helps prevent CP?
Avoid cleaning litter boxes (toxoplasmosis risk).
Which populations are more affected by CP?
LBW, SGA infants; males; African American children.
Why is CP incidence increasing?
More premature/critically ill infants are surviving.
What can cause acquired CP after birth?
Head trauma, abuse, MVAs, meningitis.
When is CP usually diagnosed?
During developmental milestone periods (delays noted).
What other conditions are commonly associated with CP?
ADHD, ADD, ASD.
What is meningitis?
Infection of the cerebral meninges.
Who is at higher risk for meningitis?
Children <24 months; winter season.
Common causative organisms in neonates?
E. coli (<2 months), Pseudomonas.
What major cause of meningitis is now vaccine-preventable?
Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB).
How does meningitis typically begin?
As a URI that spreads to the CNS.
How does it spread to the brain?
Via lymphatics, sinuses, CSF, LP, skull fractures.
Key signs of meningitis in infants?
Poor suck, sleep, irritability, bulging fontanelles, hyperextended neck/back.
Classic meningitis symptoms in older children?
HA worsened by forward bending, nuchal rigidity, fever, irritability.
What is a red flag combination in children?
High fever + seizure = assume meningitis until ruled out.
How is meningitis diagnosed?
Lumbar puncture to analyze CSF.
Treatment for meningitis?
Rapid antibiotic therapy.
What is Reye syndrome?
Acute liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy.
What commonly causes Reye syndrome?
Aspirin use during/following viral illness in children.
Is Reye syndrome life-threatening?
Yes, it can be fatal.
