cranial circulation

Question 1

where are optic chiasmas located?

Answer 1

in the stalk of the pituitary

Question 2

where is the Circle of Willis?

Answer 2

bottom of the brain in the middle

Question 3

can the brain burn fats for energy?

Answer 3

no. it can only burn glucose for energy

Question 4

if oxygen supply to the brain is cut off how long will it take for the brain tissue to start to fall apart?

Answer 4

4 minutes

Question 5

if the oxygen supply is cut off to the hippocampus how long will it take to fall apart?

Answer 5

3 minutes

Question 6

what is ischemia?

Answer 6

loss of oxygen

Question 7

what is an ishcemia infarct?

Answer 7

necrosis (death of tissue) due to loss of oxygen. the brain tissue and hippocampus have critical time periods of failure if oxygen isn’t supplied.

Question 8

what carries blood to the anterior section of the brain?

Answer 8

internal carotid artery

Question 9

what carries blood to the posterior section of the brain?

Answer 9

vertebral arteries

Question 10

if hypoxic conditions persist in the brain, how long would it take to become unconscious?

Answer 10

20-30 seconds

Question 11

what is Dissection of arteries

Answer 11

delamination of arteries which would lead to formation of clots, this happens either traumaticaly or spontaneously.

Question 12

if circulation in an artery ceases, which are the first neurons to die?

Answer 12

the neurons that are furthest from the artery

Question 13

what does the anterior carotid artery split into?

Answer 13

the external and internal carotid artery

Question 14

if oxygen is cut off to the brain which regions will be damaged the most?

Answer 14

the regions that are most used because they are the most demanding

Question 15

what does an MRI detect?

Answer 15

soft tissue damage in the brain

Question 16

what will a vertebral stroke lead too?

Answer 16

loss of vision

Question 17

what arteries are branches of the internal carotid artery?

Answer 17

anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries.

Question 18

which arteries are important for posterior circulation?

Answer 18

Vertebral arteries
Basilar artery
Posterior cerebral arteries
Cerebellar arteries

Question 19

right side of the brain is known for?

Answer 19

spatial recognition

Question 20

left side of the brain is known for?

Answer 20

languages

Question 21

what is the most common place to get a stroke?

Answer 21

lenticulostriate arteries

Question 22

what is unique about lenticulostriate arteries?

Answer 22

you are going from a big artery to a small artery so its easy for a clot to get in there

Question 23

how long does it take to know the full extent of a stroke

Answer 23

3 months

Question 24

what is a hemorraghic stroke?

Answer 24

Cerebral blood vessel rupture

Question 25

aneurism

Answer 25

a bubble

Question 26

Circle of Willis hemorrhage

Answer 26

is leaking in the subarachnoid space

Question 27

what increases risk of hemorraghic stroke?

Answer 27

Anticoagulants increase risk | HTN (high blood pressure) increases risk

Question 28

Occlusive Stroke

Answer 28

Blockage in cerebral arteries

Question 29

emboli

Answer 29

different types of blockage: clots, fat, air (ischemia)

Question 30

Transischemic attack (TIA)

Answer 30

temporary stroke (lose vision and it comes back)

Question 31

Deep Vein Thromboses (DVT)

Answer 31

after sitting for a long time the blood behind the knees and moves slowly but it can go up into the lungs or brain

Question 32

what would be able to pick up damage to the vertebral artery?

Answer 32

an MRI because it is soft tissue damage

Question 33

what do cervical vertebrae have?

Answer 33

transverse foramena

Question 34

why are communicating arteries important?

Answer 34

they complete the circle of arteries in the brain

Question 35

consensual light reflex

Answer 35

application of a bright light to one eye causes reflex constriction of the pupil of the other, as well as the pupil of the first eye. practice this technique if there was trauma to the head

Question 36

trauma to middle cerebral arteries will affect what?

Answer 36

hearing and speech (Brokers area)

Question 37

the percentage of the population is left brain dominant and right eye dominant?

Answer 37

90%

Question 38

right side of the brain

Answer 38

responsible for spatial skills and facial recognition

Question 39

what happens if you get a stroke in your brainstem?

Answer 39

brain dead

Question 40

what is the most popular place to experience an aneurysm?

Answer 40

going from little to big arteries in the subarachnoid space

Question 41

parenchymal stroke

Answer 41

bleeding onto the tissues

Question 42

what are anticoagulants for?

Answer 42

to fix clots

Question 43

tPA

Answer 43

tissue plasminogen activator. thrombolytic (clot buster)