1. inherent motility of brain/cord 2. fluctuation of CSF 3. mobility of membranes 4. articular mobility of cranial bones 5. involuntary mobility of sacrum

Cranial/GI Flashcards by Cristina Resczenski

5 principles of PRM

inherent motility of brain/cord
fluctuation of CSF
mobility of membranes
articular mobility of cranial bones
involuntary mobility of sacrum

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Falx cerebri connects

ethmoid
frontal
parietal
occiput

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CRI rate

10-14 cycles/min

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dura mater forms:

falx cerebri
falx cerebelli
tentorium cerebelli

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dural attachments

foramen magnum
C2, C3
S2

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Flexion: sphenoid mvmt

ant (away from occiput)

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flexion: occiput mvmt

post (away from sphenoid)

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flexion: sacrum mvmt

counternutation

extension

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flexion: AP diameter

decreases

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flexion: paired mvmt

external rotation

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flexion: midline mvmt

flexion

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extension: sphenoid mvmt

post (together)

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extension: occiput mvmt

ant (together)

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extension: sacrum mvmt

nutation

flexion

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extension: AP diameter

increases

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extension: paired mvmt

internal rotation

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extension: midline mvmt

extension

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vault hold fingers

index: greater wing of sphenoid
middle: squamous portion of temporal bone
ring: mastoid process of temporal
pinky: squamous portion of occiput

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torsion strain axes

AP axis

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sidebending/rotation strain axes

AP axis
vertical axis thru sphenoid
vertical axis thru foramen magnum

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flex/extend strain axes

transverse axis thru sphenoid

transverse axis superior to foramen magnum

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vertical strain axes

transverse axis thru sphenoid

transverse axis superior to foramen magnum

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lateral strain axes

vertical through sphenoid

vertical through foramen magnum

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physiologic strains

torsion
sidebending/rotation
flexion/extension

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non-physiologic strains

vertical lateral compression

which wing of sphenoid if more cephalad

named for mvmt of basosphennoid side of convexity (side of egg crack)

named for mvmt of basosphenoid

named for deviation of basosphenoid | back of hand

SBS compression mvmt

no movement

SBS compression mech

force to back of head

vertical strain description

basosphenoid moves caudad/cephalad to occiput

lateral strain description

basosphenoid deviates to one side | both sidebend to opp side

cribiform plate bone

ethmoid

thru cribiform

olfactory (I)

optic canal bone

sphenoid

thru optic canal

optic nerve (II)

superior orbital fissure bone

sphenoid

thru superior orbital fissure

occulomotor (III) trochlear (IV) opthalamic (V1) abducens (VI)

foramen rotundum bone

sphenoid

thru foramen rotundum

foramen ovale bone

sphenoid

thru foramen ovale

foramen spinosum bone

sphenoid

thru foramen spinosum

MMA

foramen lacerum bone

sphenoid

thru foramen lacerum

internal carotid

internal auditory meatus bone

temporal

thru internal auditory meatus

facial (VII) | vestibulochochlear (VIII)

jugular foramen bone

btwn temporal and occipital (post cranial fossa)

thru jugular foramen

glossopharyngeal (IX) vagus (X) accessory (XI)

hypoglossal canal bone

occipital (post cranial fossa)

thru hypoglossal canal

hypoglossal (XII)

foramen from ant to post

``` cribiform optic canal superior orbital fissure foramen rotundum foramen ovale foramen spinosum foramen lacerum internal auditory meatus jugular foramen hypoglossal canal ```

parasympathetics down to ascending colon

vagus (X)

parasympathetics below ascending colon

pelvic nerve

celiac ganglion organs

``` esophagus stomach duodenum abd vessels liver gallbladder pancreas ```

superior mesenteric ganglion organs

kidneys? ileum jejunum ascending colon

inferior mesenteric ganglion organs

descending colon rectum bladder sex organs

celiac ganglion levels

T5-9

sup mesenteric ganglion levels

T10-11

inf mesenteric ganglion levels

T12-L2

where does cisterna chyli sit

right crus of diaphragm

celiac location

1 cm below xyphoid

sup mesenteric ganglion location

btwn xyphoid and umbilicus

inf mesenteric ganglion location

1 cm above umbilicus

HA prevalence by type

tension (69%) | migraine (15%)

secondary HAs

sinusitis | TMJ

life-threatening HA to R/O

``` meningitis/encephalitis stroke aneurysm/ICH temporal arteritis space occupying lesion ```

parasympathetic up in head affects which CNs

III VII IX (glands swell)

Tx for para

OA AA C2

Tx for symp

T1-5

HA muscles

``` trapezius (XI - C3-4) sternocleidomastoid spinalis capitus splenius capitus longissimus capitus levator scapulae semispinalis cervicis scalene ```

top HA Txs

cranial lymphatics direct inhibition

muscles of direct inhibition

medial pterygoid | lateral pterygoid

Cranial/GI Flashcards

(75 cards)