*Cranial nerve functions and tests

Question 1

Ophthalmic division (V1) of trigeminal functions
Test

Answer 1

Supplies skin of forehead, upper eyelids, nose midline, anterior surface of eye, nasal mucosa and frontal sinus

Test sensations (fine + crude touch). Touch forehead.

Question 2

Maxillary division (V2) of trigeminal functions

Test

Answer 2

Supplies the skin of the temple and face and inferior as the corners of the mouth, as well as upper teeth, lips, gums and palate

Test sensations (fine + crude touch). Touch cheek.

Question 3

Mandibular division (V3) of trigeminal functions

Test

Answer 3

Supplies a strip of skin from the temple to the chin, the lower teeth, gums, lips, floor of the mouth, and the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

Test sensations (fine + crude touch). Touch chin/ temple.

Question 4

Facial nerve functions

Answer 4

Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
Facial expression
Swallowing and mastication
Salivation
Lacrimation
?? Stapedius - tension in middle ear bones for protection

Question 5

Facial nerve tests

Answer 5

Test taste
Ask to change expression*
Ask to salivate/cry

Question 6

Glossopharyngeal (IX) functions

Test

Answer 6

Sensation + taste of posterior 1/3rd of tongue + oropharynx
Proprioception of swallowing
Motor to stylopharyngeal muscle (elevates the pharynx and larynx, swallow)
Parasympathetic to parotid gland

Test taste + sensation at back of tongue
Encourage gag reflex

Question 7

Vagus (X) functions

Test

Answer 7

Somatic sensation from larynx
Motor to muscles of throat and neck
Parasympathetic to smooth muscle of trachea + oesophagus

Test swallowing, coughing + voice production

Question 8

Hypoglossal (XII) functions

Test

Answer 8

Motor nerve of tongue; causing movement during speech and swallowing

Stick out tongue deviation suggests lesion on ipsilateral side