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Neuro Exam 1 > Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Cranial nerves Flashcards

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1
Q

what are general afferent fibers

A

sensory fibers which have their cells of origin in the craniospinal ganglia (DRG, nuclei/ganglia of specific cranial nerves)

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2
Q

what are the two types of general afferent fibers

A

general somatic afferent

general visceral afferent

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3
Q

what are the types of General somatic afferents

A

exteroceptive

proprioceptive

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4
Q

what is exteroceptive

A

impulses (pain, temp, touch) from epithelium of ectodermal origin

skin
lining of external ear and TM
conjunctiva covering  the palpebral surface of the eye
lining of the external nares
nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
lining of the mouth
anterior two-thirds of the tongue
lining of the cranium (dura mater)
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5
Q

what is proprioceptive

A

impulses from sensory endings in the body wall, tendon and joints

knowing position in space without having to look

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6
Q

what is general visceral afferent GVA

A

fibers carrying sensory impulses (generally pain) from the visceral structures within the body lined by epithelium of ENDODERMAL origin

posterior third of the tongue, ducts of the parotid gland
carotid sinus
pharynx 
pharyngotympanic tube and middle ear
larynx
bronchial tree
esophagus
gut
pancreaticohepatic ducts
linings of the genitourinary ducts

blood vessels

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7
Q

what are special afferent fibers

A

fibers found only in cranial nerves

Special somatic afferent
special visceral afferent

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8
Q

what are special somatic afferents

A

ear and eye (vision hearing and equilibrium)

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9
Q

what are special visceral afferents

A

specialized fibers for olfactory (smell) and gustatory (taste) receptors

named visceral b/c of the functional association of the sensation with the digestive tract (smell something and start to prepare the gut for digestion)

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10
Q

what are general efferent fibers

A

motor fibers which innervate the musculature of the body (except branchiomeric muscles)

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11
Q

what are the two types of general efferent fibers

A

fibers conveying motor impulses to somatic skeletal muscles

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12
Q

what are general visceral efferent

A

autonomic fibers which innervate smooth muscle of the gut tube, blood vessels, and cardiac muscle and fibers which regulate glandular secretion

subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic (GVE-P)

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13
Q

what are the special efferent fibers

A

cranial nerves which innervate a specialized area of skeletal musculature

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14
Q

what are the two types of special efferent fibers

A

special visceral efferent (SVE)

Special somatic efferent (SSE)

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15
Q

SVE (special visceral efferent)

A 
nerves which innervate the skeletal muscles derived from visceral (branchiomeric/pharyngeal) arch mesoderm which includes:
muscles of mastication
facial expression 
pharynx 
palate
larynx

HAS NOTHING to do with autonomic nervous system

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16
Q

special somatic efferent

A

nerve fibers which can reflexively influence sensory input to the ear (not going to discuss much)

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17
Q

GSE CN’s (5)

A 
III
IV
VI
XI
XII

(motor)

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18
Q

SSE CN’s

A

VIII

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19
Q

GVE-P CNs (4)

A

III
VII
XI
X

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20
Q

GVE

A

all spinal nerves

autonomic sympathetic fibers

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21
Q

SVE CN’s (4)

A

V
VII
IX
X

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22
Q

GSA CN’s Proprioceptive (1)

A

Proprioceptive:
All spinal nerves
CN V

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23
Q

GSA CN’s Exteroceptive (4)

A

All spinal nn’s

CNS V, VII, IX, X

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24
Q

SSA proprioceptive (1)

A

CN VIII

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25
SSA exteroceptive (2)
CN II, VIII
26
GVA (3)
All spinal nn's VII IX X
27
SVA smell
CN1
28
SVA taste
VII IX X
29
olfactory nerve components CN1
SVA sense of smell assists body in preparing for eating by causing reflex salivation and an increase in gastric motility
30
optic nerve (CN 2) components and function
SSA afferent fibers of the retina primary receptor for the sense of light
31
oculomotor N components (CN 3
GSE | GVE-P
32
GSE portion of Oculomotor
motor component innervates extra-ocular muscles of the eye which assist in rotational movement of the globe
33
GVE-P of oculomotor nerve (CN3)
Parasympathetic innervation of intraocular muscles of the eye responsible for changing the shape of the lens for accomodation (ability to focus on objects both near and far) and for narrowing of the pupil (papillary constriction) via inferior division of CNIII and the ciliary ganglion
34
components of CN IV (trochlear)
GSE "Sad eyes" down and out innervation of on extra-ocular eye muscle (superior oblique) because this muscle utilizes a pulley to carry out its action, the nerve carries the name of the pulley (trochlea)
35
components of the trigemnial CNV
GSA | SVE
36
functions of the GSA portion of the trigeminal n
major sensory nerve of the head ``` innervates a portion of the scalp most of the face all conjunctiva epithelium of the nasal cavity paranasal sinuses and oral cavity skin of the outer ear external auditory meatus external surface of the TM cranial dural mater ``` provides ALL proprioceptive fibers to all skeletal muscles of the head
37
functions of the SVE portion of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
``` motor innervation to skeletal muscles of the pharyngeal arch origin: specifically the first arch: muscles of mastication (4) mylohyoid anterior belly of the digastric tensor veli palatini tensor tympani muscles ```
38
what CN"s use the trigeminal nerve as a carrier
CNS III, VII, IX, use the trigeminal nerve to distribute fibers to the smooth muscles of the eye (iris and ciliary muscles of the lens) and to the glands of the head (both mucous and salivary) this is b/c the trigeminal nerve does NOT contain GVE-P cell bodies/fibers of its own but it does distribute to the majority of the structures of the head and face
39
Abducens components (CN VI)
GSE
40
function of abducens nerve
innervation of one extra-ocular eye muscle --> lateral rectus because this muscle is responsible for turning the eye laterally it is named for its ability to abduct the eye (Can't turn the eye)
41
what are the components of the facial nerve (VII)
``` SVE GSA SVA GVA GVE-P ```
42
sve of facial nerve
motor innevation to skeletal muscle of pharyngeal arch origin specifically the second arch muscles of facial expression stylohyoid posterior belly digastric muscle stapedius (ear)
43
GSA of facial nerve
sensory to a poriton of the skin of the external ear and external auditory meatus
44
SVA of facial nerve
taste to the anterior 2/3 of tongue via chorda tympani
45
GVA of facial nerve
sensory to the uppermost portion of the pharynx
46
GVE-P of facial nerve
parasympathetic to the lacrimal gland, nasal, palatal, oral and pharyngeal mucous glands via the greater petrosal nerve and the pterygopalatine ganglion to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands via chorda tympani and the submandibular ganglion
47
Vestibulocochlear nerve components and function
SSA, SSE SSA--> afferent fibers from organ of corgi related to sense of hearing afferent fibers from the semicircular canals, utricle and saccule of the internal ear relative to the sense of equilibrium SSE--> motor fibers related to modifying auditory input
48
Glossopharyngeal components
SVE, GSA, SVA, GVA, GVE-P
49
SVE of CN 9
motor innervation to skeletal muscle of pharyngeal arch origin, specifically arch three (stylopharyngeus)
50
GSA of CN 9
sensory to a portion of the skin of the external ear
51
SVA of CN 9
taste from the posterior third of the tongue
52
GVA of CN9
sensory to epithelium of endodermal origin which lines the majority of the phyarnx from the base of the skull to the laryngeal aditus, middle ear, internal surface of the tympanic membrane, tonsils posterior third of tongue, parotid gland, carotid sinus
53
GVE-P of CN 9
secretory fibers to the parotid salivary gland via the lesser petrosal nerve and otic ganglion
54
vagus nerve components
``` SVE GSA SVA GVA GVE-P ```
55
SVE of vagus
motor inneration to skeletal muscles of pharygneal arch origin--> specifically arches 4 and 6 ``` muscles of pharynx and palate: superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles salpingopharyngeus levator veli palatini palatoglossus palatopharyngeus ``` ``` larynx: posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid transverse and oblique arytenoid thyroarytenoid cricothyroid ``` upper portion of esophagus
56
GSA of vagus
cutaneous innervation to the skin of the external ear, external auditory meatus, external surface of the tympanic membrane and dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa
57
SVA of vagus
Taste from the epiglottic surface of the tongue in the area of the epiglottic valleculae
58
GVA of the vagus
sensory innervation to epithelium of endodermal origin which lines to root of the tongue, larynx, lining of the respiratory system, heart, entire gut tube to distal third of transverse colon, to the capsule of other visceral organs (liver, spleen, kidney) and to the gonads
59
GVE-P of the vagus
``` parasympathetic innervation to: mucous glands in the larynx smooth muscle and glands of the gut tube to the distal third of transverse colon respiratory system cardiac muscle ```
60
Spinal accessory nerve components and function
CN 11 GSE Motor innervation to the SCM and trapezius
61
Hypoglossal components and function
CN XII GSE Motor innervation to the muscles of the tongue : Styloglossus genioglossus hyoglossus intrinsic muscles of the tongue (longitudinal, vertical and transverse)
62
what are the components of the superior ganglion of cranial nerve 10 (vagus) inferior ganglion?
superior--> GSA inferior--> GVA and SVA
63
what are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve
opthalmic nerve CNV1 maxillary nerve CNV2 mandibular nerve CNV3

Neuro Exam 1 (9 decks)

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