Cranial Nerves

Question 1

what is the name of CN I?

Answer 1

olfactory

Question 2

what is the function of the olfactory nerve?

Answer 2

smell (special visceral afferent)

Question 3

where does the olfactory nerve exit the skull?

Answer 3

tiny foramina in cribiform plate

Question 4

what is the name of CN II?

Answer 4

optic

Question 5

what is the function of the optic nerve?

Answer 5

vision (special somatic afferent)

Question 6

where does the optic nerve exit the skull?

Answer 6

optic canal

Question 7

what is the name of CN III?

Answer 7

oculomotor

Question 8

what is the function of the oculomotor nerve?

Answer 8

innervates the extraocular muscles of the eye and muscles that elevate eye lid
(general somatic efferent)

Question 9

what are the muscles that are innervated by the oculomotor nerve? (5)

Answer 9

(1) superior rectus
(2) inferior rectus
(3) medial rectus
(4) inferior oblique
(5) levator palpebrae superior

Question 10

where does the oculomotor nerve exit the skull?

Answer 10

superior orbital fissure

Question 11

what is the name of CN IV?

Answer 11

trochlear

Question 12

what is the one muscle of the eye that is innervated by the trochlear nerve?

Answer 12

superior oblique muscle

Question 13

what is the function of trochlear nerve? (2)

Answer 13

(1) innervates superior oblique muscle of eye
(2) abduction, depression and IR of eye
(general somatic efferent)

Question 14

if the trochlear nerve is damaged, what can happen as a result? (2)

Answer 14

(1) double vision

(2) head tilt to compensate for externally rotated eye

Question 15

where does the trochelar nerve exit the skull?

Answer 15

superior orbital fissure

Question 16

what is the name of CN V?

Answer 16

trigeminal

Question 17

what is the function of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 17

gives rise to 3 main branches
V1: ophthalmic
V2: maxillary
V3: mandibular
(general somatic afferent)

Question 18

where does the trigeminal nerve exit the skull? (3)

Answer 18

(1) ophthalmic: superior orbital fissure
(2) maxillary: foramen rotundum
(3) mandibular: foramen ovale

Question 19

what is the name of CN VI?

Answer 19

abducens

Question 20

what muscle does the abducens innervate?

Answer 20

lateral rectus muscle

Question 21

if the abducens nerve is damaged, what can happen as a result? (2)

Answer 21

(1) postviral in younger patients

(2) mononeuropathy in older

Question 22

where does the abducens nerve leave the skull?

Answer 22

superior orbital fissure

Question 23

how can you remember what nerves innervate the muscles of the eye?

Answer 23

LR6-SO4-R3

lateral rectus: CN 6
superior oblique: CN 4
rest: CN 3

Question 24

what is the name of CN VII?

Answer 24

facial

Question 25

what is the function of the facial nerve? (3)

Answer 25

(1) facial expression (2) taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue (3) mandibular and sublingual salivary glands; lacrimal gland (and others of nose and palate)

Question 26

what can dysfunction of the facial nerve cause?

Answer 26

facial paralysis

Question 27

where does the facial nerve exit the skull? (3)

Answer 27

(1) internal acoustic meatus (2) facial canal (3) stylomastoid foramen

Question 28

what is the name of CN VIII?

Answer 28

vestibulocochlear

Question 29

what is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve? (2)

Answer 29

(1) hearing | (2) position and movement sense

Question 30

what can dysfunction of the vestibulocochlear nerve cause? (2)

Answer 30

(1) deafness | (2) vertigo

Question 31

where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the skull?

Answer 31

internal acoustic meatus

Question 32

what is the name of CN IX?

Answer 32

glossopharyngeal

Question 33

what are the functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve? (4)

Answer 33

(1) swallowing (2) parotid gland innervation (3) taste posterior 1/3 of tongue (4) cutaneous sensation of external ear

Question 34

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve exit the skull?

Answer 34

jugular foramen

Question 35

what is the name of CN X?

Answer 35

vagus

Question 36

what is the function of the vagus nerve? (5)

Answer 36

(1) muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), intrinsic muscles of larynx, most muscles of palate (2) smooth muscle of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract (3) nodes for conductive systrem of heart (4) sensory for tongue to stomach and intestines (5) taste

Question 37

where does the vagus nerve exit the skull?

Answer 37

jugular foramen

Question 38

what is the name of CN XI?

Answer 38

accessory

Question 39

what is the function of the spinal accessory nerve? (1)

Answer 39

(1) innervates SCOM and traps

Question 40

where does the spinal accessory nerve exit the skull?

Answer 40

jugular foramen

Question 41

what is the name of CN XII?

Answer 41

hypoglossal

Question 42

what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?

Answer 42

(1) intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue

Question 43

what nerve is commonly affected after a stoke?

Answer 43

hypoglossal

Question 44

where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull?

Answer 44

hypoglossal canal

Question 45

for the first 6 cranial nerves, do they provide sensory, motor or both?

Answer 45

``` CN I: sensory CN II: sensory CN III: motor CN IV: motor CN V: both CN VI: motor ```

Question 46

for the last 6 cranial nerves, do they provide sensory, motor or both?

Answer 46

``` CN VII: both CN VIII: sensory CN IX: both CN X: both CN XI: motor CN XII: motor ```