Cranial nerves Flashcards
(41 cards)
1
Q
List the CN
A
- Olfactory
- Optic
- Oculomotor
- Trochlear
- Trigeminal
- Abducens
- Facial
- Vestibulocochlear
- Glossopharyngeal
- Vagus
- Accessory
- Hypoglossal
2
Q
Sensory or motor for the CN
A
- S
- S
- M
- M
- B
- M
- B
- S
- B
- B
- M
- M
3
Q
Site of origin for the CN
A
- Supratentorial
- Supratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
- Infratentorial
4
Q
Function of CN 1
A
- Sense of smell
5
Q
Signs of dysfunction of CN 1
A
- Can’t small
- inappetence
- Tracking/ drug sniffing dog can’t do job
6
Q
Function of CN2
A
- Vision
7
Q
Clinical signs of damage of CN2
A
- Blindness
8
Q
Tests of CN2
A
- PLR
- Menace response
- Visual placing
- Ability to negotiate an obstacle course
9
Q
Function of CN3
A
- Pupillary constriction (parasympathetic)
- Move eye (dorsal rectus, ventral rectus, medial rectus, ventral oblique, and levator palpebra)
- Elevate eyelid**
10
Q
Clinical signs of damage of CN3
A
- Dilated, non-responsive pupil
- Ventrolateral strabismus
- Ptosis (droopy eyelid)
11
Q
Tests of function for CN3
A
- Physiologic nystagmus
- PLR
- Look for strabismus
12
Q
CN 4 function
A
- Rotate dorsal part of globe medially through motor to dorsal oblique muscle
13
Q
Clinical signs of damage to CN4
A
- lateral rotational strabismus
14
Q
Tests for CN 4
A
- Look for lateral rotational strabismus
- In dog need to do a retinal exam because pupil is round and can’t tell if rotated
15
Q
CN 5 function
A
- Motor to muscles of mastication (mandibular branch)
- Sensation for most of head (mandibular, maxillary, and ophthalmic branches)
16
Q
Clinical signs of damage of CN 5
A
- Atrophied temporal or masseter muscle
- Inability to close mouth
- Loss of sensation over face
17
Q
Tests of CNV
A
- Sensory part of palpebral reflex (normal is blink when medial canthus touched for ophthalmic branch and blink when lateral canthus touched for maxillary branch)
- Gently stimulate nasal septum
- Corneal reflex
- Palpate temporal and masseter muscles, assess jaw tone
18
Q
CN 6 function
A
- move eye laterally and retract eyeball
- Motor to lateral rectus muscle and retractor bulbi muscle
19
Q
Clinical signs of damage with CN 6
A
- Medial strabismus
- Can’t retract globe
20
Q
Tests of function for CN 6
A
- Corneal reflex
- Physiologic nystagmus
21
Q
Sensory or motor of CN 7
A
- Motor to muscles of facial expression, some salivary and lacrimal glands
- Sensory to middle ear, palate, tongue (rostral 2/3)
22
Q
Function of CN 7
A
- Move muscles of face including lips, ears, eyelids, nostrils
23
Q
Clinical signs of damage of CN 7
A
- Inability to blink
- Asymmetrical or drooping face
- Absence of ear movement and eye closure
24
Q
Tests for CN7
A
- Palpebral reflex
- Menace
- Touch cornea
- Observe face for symmetry
25
CN8 function
- Balance/vestibular
| - Hearing
26
CN8 clinical signs of damage
- Head tilt TOWARDS the side of lesion
- Nystagmus at rest with fast phase away lesion
- Loss of balance, ataxia, fall/roll to side of lesion
- Pathological nystagmus (in absence of head movement or induced by holding head in lateral flexion or full extension, i.e. positional; can be horizontal or rotary)
- Strabismus and eye droop on side of lesion (VIII coordinates how eyes move)
- Deafness
27
Tests of function of CN 8
- Observe for head tilt, ataxia, balance issues
- Observe for nystagmus when head still or held in lateral flexion or full extension
- Deaf if bilateral disease
28
Sensory/motor of CN 9
- motor to muscles of pharynx and palate
- Motor to zygomatic and parotid salivary glands
- Sensory to rostral pharynx; taste to caudal 1/3 of tongue
29
Function of CN9
- Part of swallowing and taste
30
Clinical signs of damage CN9
- Difficulty swallowing
31
Tests of function of CN9
- Observe eating
- Gag reflex
- Inquire about history of swallowing issues, respiratory noise
32
Sensory or motor functions of CN10
- Motor to pharynx, larynx, esophagus
- Motor to esophagus, thoracic and abdominal organs
- Sensory to pharynx, larynx, thoracic, and abdominal organs
33
Function of CN10
- Swallowing (pharynx, esophagus), laryngeal function, parasympathetic to viscera
34
Clinical signs of damage of CN10
- Dysphagia
- Regurgitation
- Voice change
- Laryngeal paralysis
- Upper respiratory noise
35
Tests of function of CN 10
- Gag reflex
- Laryngeal reflex
- Oculocardiac reflex (normal = pressure on eyes slow heart)
36
Function of CN 11
- Helps swing limb foreward (not essential)
- External branch is motor to trapezius; sternocephalic, and brachiocephalic muscles
- Internal branch joins with vagus and is motor to pharynx, larynx,e sophagus, thoracic and abdominal organs
37
Clinical signs of damage of CN 11
- Atrophy to trapezius, sternocephalicus, and brachiocephalic muscles
38
Tests of function of CN 11
- Assess trapezius, sternocephalicus, and brachiocephalic muscle for atrophy
39
CN 12 function
- Motor to tongue
40
Signs of damage of CN 12
- Trouble prehending and swallowing food
41
Tests of function of CN 12
- Assess for symmetry of tongue and ability to retract tongue
- Put food on each side of nose and see if they can lick it off
