Cranial Nerves

Question 1

List all 12 cranial nerves

Answer 1

Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal 
Vagus
Spinal Accessory
Hypoglossal

Question 2

Which cranial nerves supply somatic motor functions only?

Answer 2

Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducens
Spinal Accessory 
Hypoglossal

Question 3

List the cranial nerves which only provide sensory innervation?

Answer 3

Olfactory
Optic
Vestibulocochlear

Question 4

Which cranial nerves supply both sensory and motor innervation?

Answer 4

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus

Question 5

Where does cranial nerve one originate?

Answer 5

Olfactory mucosa in upper nasal cavity

Question 6

how does the olfactory nerve pass through the ethmoid bone?

Answer 6

Through the cribriform plate via the olfactory tract

Question 7

Where does cranial nerve 1 synapse?

Answer 7

Mitral cells synapse at olfactory glomerulus

Question 8

What is significant about cranial nerves 1 and 2?

Answer 8

They directly attach to the forebrain, whereas the rest of the cranial nerves attach to the brainstem

Question 9

Where does cranial nerve 2 connect?

Answer 9

Lateral geniculate nucleus

Pretectal nucleus

Question 10

What nerve innervates the retina?

Answer 10

CN2

Optic nerve

Question 11

Where is the lateral geniculate nucleus found?

Answer 11

The (dorsal) thalamus

Question 12

What reflex is cranial nerve 2 responsible for?

Answer 12

Afferent Pupillary light reflex

Question 13

Where is the oculomotor nucleus located?

Answer 13

The superior colliculus of the midbrain

Question 14

What is contained in the oculomotor nucleus?

Answer 14

The cell bodies for the motor aspect of the oculomotor nerve

Question 15

Where are the cell bodies for the oculomotor preganglionic parasympathetic neurones?

Answer 15

Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

Question 16

What vessels does the oculomotor nerve pass between?

Answer 16

The posterior and superior cerebral arteries

Question 17

What does the parasympathetic aspect of CNIII innervate?

Answer 17

Sphincter pupillae

Ciliary muscle

Question 18

What muscles does CNIII innervate

Answer 18

Levator palpebrae 
Superior Rectus 
Medial Rectus
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique

Question 19

Which cranial nerve is the only one to exit posteriorly?

Answer 19

Cranial Nerve 4

Trochlear

Question 20

What muscle does CNIV supply?

Answer 20

Superior Oblique

Question 21

Cranial nerve IV crosses where?

Answer 21

The midline of the brain

Question 22

Where is the sensory nucleus of cranial nerve V?

Answer 22

Forms a column stretching from the midbrain to the upper 2 segments of the cervical cord

Question 23

What nucleus is responsible for the proprioception of the muscles of mastication?

Answer 23

Mescencephalic nucleus

Question 24

What is the role of the spinal nucleus of CNV

Answer 24

Sensory to pain and temperature

Question 25

What nucleus of CNV is responsible for discriminitive touch and vibration?

Answer 25

Pontine Trigeminal Nucleus

Question 26

What is the function of the sensory branch of CNV?

Answer 26

Somatosensation of the face, vibration sense, pain, temperature and discriminitive touch

Question 27

What muscles does CNV provide motor control to?

Answer 27

``` Muscles of mastication Mylohyoid Tensor Tympani Tensor Veli Palatini Anterior belly of the digastric ```

Question 28

CNV is responsible for motor control, somatosensory control and ______?

Answer 28

Proprioception | i.e. chewing

Question 29

Cranial Nerve VI supplies which muscle?

Answer 29

Lateral Rectus

Question 30

Where does cranial nerve VI originate from?

Answer 30

Abducens nucleus in the caudal pons

Question 31

Where does CNVII originate from?

Answer 31

The junction between the pons and medulla

Question 32

What muscles does CNVII provide motor innervation to?

Answer 32

Muscles of facial expression | Stapedius

Question 33

Where does CNVII provide parasympathetic innervation?

Answer 33

Submandibular ganglia | Pterygopalantine

Question 34

What are the three nuclei of CNVII?

Answer 34

Facial motor Solitary Salivatory

Question 35

How does the CNVII allow for taste?

Answer 35

Sensory supply via the chorda tympani to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

Question 36

Where does CNIX originate?

Answer 36

The brainstem on the sides of the upper medulla

Question 37

What muscle does CNIX supply?

Answer 37

Stylopharyngeus

Question 38

What are the 4 nuclei of CNIX?

Answer 38

Solitary Spinal trigeminal nucleus ambiguous Inferior salivatory

Question 39

Where does CNIX innervate with sensory supply?

Answer 39

Posterior 1/3rd of tongue Pharyngotympanic tube Upper pharynx

Question 40

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of CNIX go to?

Answer 40

The parotid ganglion a.k.a otic ganglion

Question 41

Where does cranial nerve X originate?

Answer 41

The medulla

Question 42

What structures have motor supply from CNX?

Answer 42

Striated muscle of the pharynx and larynx

Question 43

Where does CNX supply for taste?

Answer 43

The epiglottis

Question 44

What areas does CNX supply for tactile sense, pain and temperature?

Answer 44

``` Pharynx Larynx Trachea Oesophagus Thoracic and Abdo viscera ```

Question 45

Where does cranial nerve XI originate?

Answer 45

The nuclei originates from the cervical spinal cord ventral horns, between C1-C5

Question 46

What muscles does CNXI innervate?

Answer 46

Trapezius | Sternocleidomastoid

Question 47

Where does CNXII originate?

Answer 47

The origin nucleus is in the dorsal medulla of the brainstem | It emerges close to the midline

Question 48

What muscles does CNXII innervate?

Answer 48

Hyoglossus Genioglossus Styloglossus Intrinsic tongue muscles