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Neurology > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

List all 12 cranial nerves

A 
Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal 
Vagus
Spinal Accessory
Hypoglossal
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2
Q

Which cranial nerves supply somatic motor functions only?

A 
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducens
Spinal Accessory 
Hypoglossal
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3
Q

List the cranial nerves which only provide sensory innervation?

A

Olfactory
Optic
Vestibulocochlear

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4
Q

Which cranial nerves supply both sensory and motor innervation?

A

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus

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5
Q

Where does cranial nerve one originate?

A

Olfactory mucosa in upper nasal cavity

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6
Q

how does the olfactory nerve pass through the ethmoid bone?

A

Through the cribriform plate via the olfactory tract

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7
Q

Where does cranial nerve 1 synapse?

A

Mitral cells synapse at olfactory glomerulus

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8
Q

What is significant about cranial nerves 1 and 2?

A

They directly attach to the forebrain, whereas the rest of the cranial nerves attach to the brainstem

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9
Q

Where does cranial nerve 2 connect?

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus

Pretectal nucleus

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10
Q

What nerve innervates the retina?

A

CN2

Optic nerve

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11
Q

Where is the lateral geniculate nucleus found?

A

The (dorsal) thalamus

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12
Q

What reflex is cranial nerve 2 responsible for?

A

Afferent Pupillary light reflex

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13
Q

Where is the oculomotor nucleus located?

A

The superior colliculus of the midbrain

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14
Q

What is contained in the oculomotor nucleus?

A

The cell bodies for the motor aspect of the oculomotor nerve

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15
Q

Where are the cell bodies for the oculomotor preganglionic parasympathetic neurones?

A

Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

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16
Q

What vessels does the oculomotor nerve pass between?

A

The posterior and superior cerebral arteries

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17
Q

What does the parasympathetic aspect of CNIII innervate?

A

Sphincter pupillae

Ciliary muscle

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18
Q

What muscles does CNIII innervate

A 
Levator palpebrae 
Superior Rectus 
Medial Rectus
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique
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19
Q

Which cranial nerve is the only one to exit posteriorly?

A

Cranial Nerve 4

Trochlear

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20
Q

What muscle does CNIV supply?

A

Superior Oblique

21
Q

Cranial nerve IV crosses where?

A

The midline of the brain

22
Q

Where is the sensory nucleus of cranial nerve V?

A

Forms a column stretching from the midbrain to the upper 2 segments of the cervical cord

23
Q

What nucleus is responsible for the proprioception of the muscles of mastication?

A

Mescencephalic nucleus

24
Q

What is the role of the spinal nucleus of CNV

A

Sensory to pain and temperature

25
Q

What nucleus of CNV is responsible for discriminitive touch and vibration?

A

Pontine Trigeminal Nucleus

26
Q

What is the function of the sensory branch of CNV?

A

Somatosensation of the face, vibration sense, pain, temperature and discriminitive touch

27
Q

What muscles does CNV provide motor control to?

A 
Muscles of mastication
Mylohyoid
Tensor Tympani
Tensor Veli Palatini
Anterior belly of the digastric
28
Q

CNV is responsible for motor control, somatosensory control and ______?

A

Proprioception

i.e. chewing

29
Q

Cranial Nerve VI supplies which muscle?

A

Lateral Rectus

30
Q

Where does cranial nerve VI originate from?

A

Abducens nucleus in the caudal pons

31
Q

Where does CNVII originate from?

A

The junction between the pons and medulla

32
Q

What muscles does CNVII provide motor innervation to?

A

Muscles of facial expression

Stapedius

33
Q

Where does CNVII provide parasympathetic innervation?

A

Submandibular ganglia

Pterygopalantine

34
Q

What are the three nuclei of CNVII?

A

Facial motor
Solitary
Salivatory

35
Q

How does the CNVII allow for taste?

A

Sensory supply via the chorda tympani to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

36
Q

Where does CNIX originate?

A

The brainstem on the sides of the upper medulla

37
Q

What muscle does CNIX supply?

A

Stylopharyngeus

38
Q

What are the 4 nuclei of CNIX?

A

Solitary
Spinal trigeminal
nucleus ambiguous
Inferior salivatory

39
Q

Where does CNIX innervate with sensory supply?

A

Posterior 1/3rd of tongue
Pharyngotympanic tube
Upper pharynx

40
Q

Where do the parasympathetic fibers of CNIX go to?

A

The parotid ganglion a.k.a otic ganglion

41
Q

Where does cranial nerve X originate?

A

The medulla

42
Q

What structures have motor supply from CNX?

A

Striated muscle of the pharynx and larynx

43
Q

Where does CNX supply for taste?

A

The epiglottis

44
Q

What areas does CNX supply for tactile sense, pain and temperature?

A 
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Oesophagus
Thoracic and Abdo viscera
45
Q

Where does cranial nerve XI originate?

A

The nuclei originates from the cervical spinal cord ventral horns, between C1-C5

46
Q

What muscles does CNXI innervate?

A

Trapezius

Sternocleidomastoid

47
Q

Where does CNXII originate?

A

The origin nucleus is in the dorsal medulla of the brainstem

It emerges close to the midline

48
Q

What muscles does CNXII innervate?

A

Hyoglossus
Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Intrinsic tongue muscles

Neurology (15 decks)

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