Cranial Nerves & N.S

Question 1

Cranial Nerve 1 (name, type, action)

Answer 1

Olfactory
sensory
olfaction/smell
(in cerebral cortex)

Question 2

Cranial Nerve 2 (name, type, action)

Answer 2

Optic
sensory
vision
(in cerebral cortex)

Question 3

Cranial Nerve 3 (name, type, action)

Answer 3

Oculomoter
motor
eyeball muscles

Question 4

Cranial Nerve 4 (name, type, action)

Answer 4

Trochlear
motor
eyeball muscle

Question 5

Cranial Nerve 5 (name, type, action)

Answer 5

Trigeminal
sensory/motor
S: face & oral cavity
M: muscle of mastication

Question 6

Cranial Nerve 6 (name, type, action)

Answer 6

Abducens (“abduct”)
motor
eyeball muscle

Question 7

Cranial Nerve 7 (name, type, action)

Answer 7

Facial
sensory/motor
S: taste from ant. 2/3 tongue
M: muscles of facial expression

Question 8

Cranial Nerve 8 (name, type, action)

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear
sensory
audition & equilibrium

Question 9

Cranial Nerve 9 (name, type, action)

Answer 9

Glosso-pharangeal
sensory/motor
S: taste from post. 1/3 tongue
M: pharangeal muscles

Question 10

Cranial Nerve 10 (name, type, action)

Answer 10

Vagus
sensory/motor
viscera

Question 11

Cranial Nerve 11 (name, type, action)

Answer 11

Accessory
motor
sternocleidomastoid & trapezius muscles

Question 12

Cranial Nerve 12 (name, type, action)

Answer 12

Hypoglossal
motor
tongue muscles

Question 13

Cranial Nerve 1 Test

Answer 13

Olfactory:
blindfold & ask to identify familiar odor (i.e. cinnamon)

Question 14

Cranial Nerve 2 Test

Answer 14

Optic:
ask pt. to identify objects/read from eye chart

Question 15

Cranial Nerve 3 Test

Answer 15

Oculomoter:
ask pt. to follow moving object w/ eyes (up, down, diagonal)
-inspect asymmetrical movement

Question 16

Cranial Nerve 4 Test

Answer 16

Trochlear:
ask pt. to follow object w/ eyes as moved inferiorly

Question 17

Cranial Nerve 5 Test

Answer 17

Trigeminal:
S: pt. eyes closed & therapist touch face for sharp/dull sensations
M: pt. perform mandibular protrusion/retrusion/lateral deviation

Question 18

Cranial Nerve 6 Test

Answer 18

Abducens:
pt. tracks moving object laterally w/ eyes

Question 19

Cranial Nerve 7 Test

Answer 19

Facial:
S: distinguish sweet/salty substance on ant. tongue
M: mimic selected facial expressions

Question 20

Cranial Nerve 8 Test

Answer 20

Vestibulocochlear:
use ticking watch/tuning fork to record distance pt. can hear sound from both ears

Question 21

Cranial Nerve 9 Test

Answer 21

Glosso-pharangeal:
S: test sour/bitter substance on post. tongue
M: use tongue depressor for gag reflex

Question 22

Cranial Nerve 10 Test

Answer 22

Vagus:
(S&M) tongue depressor for gag reflex

Question 23

Cranial Nerve 11 Test

Answer 23

Accessory:
apply downward pressure to pt. shoulders as they resist

Question 24

Cranial Nerve 12 Test

Answer 24

Hypoglossal:
patient protrudes tongue
(assess symmetry)

Question 25

cervical plexus: location & innervation

Answer 25

C1-C4 innervate neck muscles

Question 26

brachial plexus: location & innervation

Answer 26

C5-T1 innervate upper limb muscles

Question 27

lumbosacral plexus: location & innervation

Answer 27

L1-S5 innervate lower limb muscles [L1-L4 to thigh muscles] [L5-S3 to leg & foot muscles]

Question 28

upper motor neuron: origination & termination

Answer 28

cell bodies in primary motor cortex (cerebrum) to brainstem/spinal cord

Question 29

lower motor neuron: origination & termination

Answer 29

cell bodies in brainstem(cranial) or anterior horn of spinal cord (spinal) travel to innervate skeletal muscle

Question 30

autonomic NS: sympathetic

Answer 30

"fight or flight"

Question 31

autonomic NS: para-sympathetic

Answer 31

"rest & digest"

Question 32

spinal tract that relays info for deep sensation & combined cortical sensations

Answer 32

dorsal columns

Question 33

ascending spinal tract that relays superficial sensations

Answer 33

spinothalamic tract

Question 34

where does dorsal column tract cross?

Answer 34

medulla (of brainstem)

Question 35

where does spinothalamic tract cross?

Answer 35

cross at level of spinal cord

Question 36

reflex arc pathway

Answer 36

sensory input (posterior ramus) - spinal cord - motor output (anterior ramus)

Question 36

corticospinal tract (descending) function

Answer 36

voluntary movement

Question 37

upper motor neurons + lower motor neurons form which spinal tract?

Answer 37

corticospinal tract (descending)

Question 38

which muscles (2) contract during inhalation?

Answer 38

diaphragm external intercostals

Question 39

which muscles (2) relax during exhalation?

Answer 39

diaphragm internal intercostals

Question 40

where do you take an apical pulse?

Answer 40

in line with T5/nipple line (slightly left)