Creativity Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is the 4Ps approach to creativity?
The 4Ps approach includes:
* Person
* Process
* Product
* Press
Define the ‘Person’ aspect in the 4Ps approach to creativity.
In its narrow sense, creativity refers to the abilities that are most characteristic of creative people.
What are personal traits of creative individuals?
Traits include:
* instrinsic motivation
* risk-taking
* Firm sense of self as ‘creative’
* Broad interests
* Attraction to complexity
* High energy
* Autonomy
* Intuition
* Self-confidence
* Ability to resolve antinomies/paradoxes
What is intrinsic motivation in relation to creativity?
Intrinsic motivation refers to engaging in tasks driven by internal rewards, which tends to enhance creativity.
What does ‘creative self-efficacy’ reflect?
Creative self-efficacy reflects one’s confidence in the ability to perform specific tasks in the innovation process.
- defined as employees’ self-view or self-belief concerning the extent to which they are capable of being creative and is positively related to creative performance (Tierney and Farmer (2002)
What is the ‘Process’ aspect in the 4Ps approach to creativity?
The creative thinking process involves forming associative elements into new combinations that meet specified requirements or are useful.
- Forming associations
- Chain of ideas
- Divergent thinking and problem-solving
What defines a creative product?
A creative product is anything that produces effective surprise in the observer, along with a shock of recognition.
What factors affect creative development as stated by Simonton (process)?
Creative development is influenced by (Simonton, 1975):
* Role model availability
* Political fragmentation
* Imperial instability
* Political instability
What is a ‘creative project’?
A creative project is an emergent trajectory of interdependent action initiated by multiple actors to introduce change into a social context.
What is the Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT)?
The CAT assesses whether a product or response is creative based on the independent agreement of appropriate observers.
What is the problem with the product approach to creativity?
The product approach often informs us only about productivity and not about creativity, which can be misleading.
Creativity is the ability to generate ideas and/or artefacts that are ______, surprising, and valuable.
new
What are the three types of skills relevant to creativity?
Domain-relevant skills, creativity-relevant skills, intrinsic task motivation (Amabile, 1983)
What is the main issue with the product approach to creativity?
It informs us only about productivity and not about creativity
Runco, 2004
Define creativity according to Boden (2016).
The ability to generate ideas and/or artefacts that are new, surprising, and valuable
What does ‘press’ refer to in the context of creativity?
Pressures on the creative process or on a creative person, which can be objective (alpha) or subjective (beta)
Murray, 1938
What is a common misconception about creative insight?
A creative insight is not a quick ‘aha!’ but instead is protracted
Gruber, 1981a
List the 7 situational influences on creativity identified by Witt and Beorkrem (1989). (Relates to PRESS)
- Freedom
- Autonomy
- Good role models
- Resources (including time)
- Encouragement for originality
- Freedom from criticism
- Norms that prize innovation and do not penalize failure
How does family structure affect creativity according to Sulloway (1996)?
Middle children are the most rebellious and are therefore potentially creative
What are potential inhibitors to creativity?
- Lack of respect for originality
- Red tape
- Constraint
- Lack of autonomy and resources
- Inappropriate norms
- Project management issues
- Feedback
- Time pressure
- Competition
- Unrealistic expectations
Define ‘Big C’, ‘mini C’, and ‘little c’ in creativity.
- Big C: Eminent creativity
- Mini C: Personal creativity
- Little c: Everyday creativity
“Big C” = rare displays of creativity that have major impact on others — a new big invention
“Mini C” = personal knowledge and understanding; framework, patterns, innovative research qs
“Little C” = daily problem solving and adapt to change — a new product/ process
Beghetto & Kaufman, 2007
What is the Alternate Uses Test (AUT)?
A manual creativity measurement tool assessing the number of alternative uses for a common object
Guilford, 1967
What does fluency measure in creativity assessment?
The number of ideas generated
What is originality in the context of creativity measurement?
The originality /unique of the ideas, relative to other participants or to a database; statistical rarity of the ideas
