Crim 103 Sociological Flashcards
(90 cards)
Views Criminality as a function of people’s interactions with various organizations institutions, and societal processes.
Social Process Theory
Suggest that Criminal behavior is learned through the same process as non-criminal behavior.
Social Learning Theory
*BEHAVIOUR MODELING
*BOOBOO DOLL EXPERIMENT
-Sinabi niya na walang taong pinanganak na violent/criminal agad.
-Natututo tayo sa paligid natin.
Albert Bandura
Three Major Branches of the social process approach
- Social Learning Theory
- Social Control Theory
- Social Reaction Theory
Posits that individuals learn behaviors, values, and attitudes through social interactions.
Social Learning Theory (SLT)
Enumerate Banduras Model for observational Learning
- Line Model
- Verbal Instruction
- Symbolic
Demonstration
Line Model
An individual describe details to children
Verbal Instruction
showing to children for example: Cartoons
Symbolic
doing things give you rewards
Positive reinforcement
it means sabi ni maam: ano makukuha mo pag ginawa mo yung isang bagay
Reinforcement
2types of reinforcement:
1. Positive Reinforcement
2. Negative Reinforment
Doing things gives you punishments
Negative Reinforcement
5 Process to Learn behavior (ARRMM)
Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation
Modeling
A movement from one extreme to another, producing behavior that is sometimes unconventional or deviant and at other times constrained and sober.
Drift
People learn criminal attitudes and behavior during adolescence from close, trusted friends or relatives. A criminal career develops if learned antisocial values and behaviors are not matched or exceeded by conventional attitudes and behaviors. Then, Criminal behavior is learned in a process like other human behavior.
Differential Association Theory
This theory argues that law violators must learn and master techniques that neutralize conventional values and attitudes, thus allowing them to drift back and forth between illegitimate and conventional behavior.
Neutralization theory/ Drift theory
Techniques of Neturalization
- Denial of responsibility
- Denial of Inquiry (helping the offender’s perception that crime can be socially acceptable)
- Denial of the victim
- Condemnation of the condemners
- Appeal to higher authorities
Rationalizing deviant behavior such as denying responsibility or blaming victims, allows a person to temporarily drift away from conventional behavior.
Neutralization Techniques
This Theory maintains that a person pursues criminal behavior to the extent that he identifies himself with a real or imaginary person from whose perspective his criminal behavior seems acceptable.
Differential Identification Theory
This theory assumes that a person will try to commit crime wherever and whenever the expectations of gratification from it result from social bonds, differential learning, and perceptions of opportunity exceed unfavorable anticipations from these sources. IN SHORT, expectations determine conduct.
Differential Anticipation Theory**
The learning process may be conscious copying or unconcious copying of confronting behavior patterns. Tarde believed that the origins of deviance were like the origins of fads and fashions and that is “Three Laws of immitation”
Imitation - Suggestion Theory
Explains that people have a greater tendency to imitate the fashions or behaviors of those around them. If one is constantly surrounded by deviant behavior, one is likelier to imitate that type of behavior than any other of which that person knows little
The law of close contact
Explain the poor or the young imitate the rich or the more experienced and that crimes among the poor are their attempts to imitate wealthy, high-status people
Law of imitation / Law of imitation of superiors by inferiors
Says that new behaviors are superimposed on old ones and subsequently either reinforce or extinguish previous behavior. For example, if criminals start using a new type of weapon, they will no longer use the old one.
Law of Insertion
