CRIM104 Exam

Question 1

types of sentencing reports (2)

Answer 1

PSR (pre-sentencing report) + gladue report

Question 2

most deviant behaviour is a result of insufficient social control (who?)

Answer 2

Nye

Question 3

Nye believes…?

Answer 3

deviant behaviour is the result of insufficient social control via direct and indirect means

Question 4

social bonding theory (who?)

Answer 4

Hirshii

Question 5

A lack of social bonds contributes to offending behaviour…(who?)

Answer 5

Hirshi

Question 6

Hirshi’s bond consists of four elements:

Answer 6

Attachment (emotional commitment to peers/figure)

Commitment (conformity)

Involvement (how much time)

Belief (level of agreement)

Question 7

Power control theory (who?)

Answer 7

Hagan, Gillis., and Simpson

Question 8

parental positions and patriarchal attitudes result in different control placed on boys and girls

Answer 8

power control theory

Question 9

self-control theory (who?)

Answer 9

Gottfredson and Hirshi

Question 9

Crime is the result of low self-control

Answer 9

Gottfredson and Hirshi

Question 10

Individuals go through stages that give them bonding opportunities (who?)

Answer 10

Sampson and Laub

Question 10

Elements of self-control: (6)

Answer 10

1.) immediate gratification
2.) little or no long term benefits
3.) requires little skill
4.) may cause pain to victim
5.) exciting, risky
6.) easy and simple gratification

Question 11

Sampson and Laub

Answer 11

Life course theory

Question 12

when does crime peak?

Answer 12

15-17 years old

Question 13

what is the ted talk we watched about social control

Answer 13

• how gang life is not very different from the normal world
• involves social bonding that allows them to commit and execute crime
• as such, if we understand how social bonds are formed in gangs we can better help people transition out of gang life

Question 14

looking glass self

Answer 14

How do we define ourselves based on social interactions and perceptions *context and group power

Question 15

symbolic interactionalism

Answer 15

the meaning or value that we attach with objects, people and interactions

Question 16

what theory does symbolic interactionalism relate to?

Answer 16

labelling theory

Question 17

Labelling theory (who?)

Answer 17

Tennenbaum

Question 18

Who did tennenbaum study?

Answer 18

juvenile delinquents

Question 19

who coined the two types of deviance (primary and secondary?)

Answer 19

Ewdin Lemert

Question 20

Primary deviance

Answer 20

violate and break rules norms but do not identify as a criminal

Question 21

Secondary deviance

Answer 21

Self-identify as a criminal, and engage in behaviour to further that label

Question 22

labelling theories are interactionist? (yes/no)

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Labelling process (4 steps)

Answer 23

1.) deviance 2.) reaction 3.) role engulfment 4.) secondary deviance

Question 24

what did we talk about class relating to prison tattoos?

Answer 24

upwards 45% get tattooed in prison high risk of blood born disease pilot program (to supply clean needles) public got very angry SRY --> social return on investment ?

Question 25

Mathew de Good

Answer 25

declared NCRMD, but was fit to stand trial undiagnosed with schizophrenia, killed 5 of his friends at a house party

Question 26

NCRMD dispositions:

Answer 26

Absolute discharge Conditional discharge Detainment in facility High risk designation

Question 27

Who coined re-integrative shaming?

Answer 27

Braithwaite

Question 28

who does re-integrative shaming work?

Answer 28

commit crime are shamed -- denounce conduct (not the person) reintegrate into society

Question 29

what perspective is marxist and conflict theories?

Answer 29

constructivist or relativist macro-theories

Question 30

story about the two men - healthcare...

Answer 30

James Egan story

Question 31

why is the James Egan story important

Answer 31

challenged the old age security act. legal question was the definition of spouse under the act (and its economic implications). same-sex couples were excluded from spousal benefits relative to other couples..

Question 32

Dialectical Materialism

Answer 32

dialectal -- the ability to view a situation from multiple positions Opposing interests and forces within society Thoughts/views are shaped by conditions/material world around them How is the status quo maintained?

Question 33

Karl Marx believes the law is a tool....

Answer 33

to support capitalism

Question 34

how can the law be used a tool to support capitalism?

Answer 34

CORCAN (skills and manufcatoring labour for incarcerated people -- make almost no money) deny inmates parol and keep prisons at maximum to avoid fines

Question 35

false consciousness

Answer 35

to what extent are we aware of the level of exploitation of ourselves and others? (how do we lose this false consciousness)

Question 36

2nd wave feminism

Answer 36

economic and social rights of women

Question 37

3rd wave feminism

Answer 37

intersectionality of feminine and critical race theory

Question 38

what is the Merlo Davidson lawsuit?

Answer 38

lawsuit against the RCMP for sexual assault against women

Question 39

feminist theory about capitalism/labour/wage inequality

Answer 39

Marxist feminism

Question 40

feminist theory about structural or class based systems

Answer 40

socialist feminism

Question 41

feminist theory about sexual control, reproduction, oppression

Answer 41

radical feminism

Question 42

feminist theory about socialized gender roles

Answer 42

Liberal feminism

Question 43

Women in rural communities -- feminist theory -- what did we talk about?

Answer 43

women lack supports available in urban areas don't have the same financial resources or the same financial resiliency don't leave due to having a pet that needs to be cared for

Question 44

the social contract...?

Answer 44

socially agreed upon terms (such as the criminal code of Canada)

Question 45

Documentary about prison

Answer 45

chain gangs pink clothes live in tents very hot horrible food what are prisons meant to (punish or reduce recidivism?)

Question 46

who coined the 7 purposes of criminal sanctions?

Answer 46

Hagan

Question 47

7 purposes of criminal sanctions:

Answer 47

1.) Incapitation 2.) Specific deterrence 3.) General deterrence 4.) Moral affirmation 5.) Retribution 6.) Restitution 7.) rehabilitation

Question 48

types of sentencing options:

Answer 48

conditional sentence probation absolute discharge intermittent sentence Prison

Question 49

Who coined the pains of inprisonment

Answer 49

Sykes

Question 50

what are the 5 pains of inprisonment

Answer 50

1.) security 2.) deprivation of liberty 3.) restriction from goods or services 4.) deprivation of relationships 5.) lose of autonomy

Question 51

most human prison in the world

Answer 51

Holdon prison in Sweden

Question 52

SRI --> holdon

Answer 52

greater upfront costs, but much lower recidivism only 20%