Crime and deviance/sexual battery and assault

Question 1

deviance

Answer 1

behavior that violates social norms and arouse negative social relations

Question 2

law

Answer 2

a norm that has been formally adopted

Question 3

criminal law

Answer 3

defines everyones responsibility to uphold public order

Question 4

crime

Answer 4

behavior that is prohibited by law because it is considered especially harmful or offensive

Question 5

relativity of deviance

Answer 5

if a behavior is considered deviance depends on circumstances (time and physical space) in which behavior occurs and not the behavior itself (prostitution illegal in some places but not in others)

Question 6

Durkheim

Answer 6

a society without deviance is impossible
-social norms are never strong enough to prevent all rule breaking
-deviance is an important part of society

Question 7

structure-functionalism (Durkheim)

Answer 7

deviance has several functions
(a) clarifies the norm & increases conformity
(b) strengthens social bonds among people reacting to deviance
(c) can help lead to positive social change

Question 8

conflict theory

Answer 8

-people with power use power to keep themselves in power
-poor people and minorities are more likely because of their poverty and race to be arrested

Question 9

feminist theory

Answer 9

-some reason for rape and sexual assault are because of womens lack of power physically and socially compared to men
-sexual abuse lead women to turn to substance abuse

Question 10

symbolic interactionism

Answer 10

Edwin H Sutherland believed that crime is learned by socialization with friends and family and also teach norms and justification for breaking the law

Question 11

Labeling theory

Answer 11

-deviance results from being labeled deviant
-ethnicity, appearance and social class effects how labeling happens

Question 12

The age crime curve

Answer 12

-Adolphe Quetelet
-male offenders tend to increase after puberty and peaks around 18, similar in women too, but women “age out” (not proven)

Question 13

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Answer 13

-conducted each year
-primary source of information of crime victimization
-people are interviewed on frequency, characteristics and consequences. nonfatal and household property

Question 14

% of people homeless and mentally ill when arrested

Answer 14

17% and half were homeless

Question 15

% of national budget spent on mental health treatment

Answer 15

7%

Question 16

Suicide Trends

Answer 16

suicide rates are higher in jail with people with mental health problems and most arrests are because mental health issue usually is underlying cause

Question 17

deinstitutionalization

Answer 17

civil rights movement in the 1960s because of the overuse of “committing” the mentally ill

Question 18

pedophilia

Answer 18

an adult or older adolescent experiences primary or exclusive sexual attraction to prepubescent children

Question 19

Minor attracted persons

Answer 19

more accurate description than pedophile

Question 20

causes of pedophilia

Answer 20

many factors but no main causes
-childhood abuse
-personality disorder
-alcohol or substance abuse
-

Question 21

prevention project Dunkenfield

Answer 21

German program that treats pedophilia
-Germany wont call authorities if they say they plan on abusing a child, they work on preventive measures; wont report past incidents either

Question 22

A long dark shadow

Answer 22

Book written about MAPS in which they stated they were attracted to minors but havent acted on it

Question 23

MAP

Answer 23

a persons whose sexual orientation includes people who cant legally consent

Question 24

internalized stigma

Answer 24

weakens psychological resilience of MAP (self fulfilling prophecy: “if i believe i am X, you begin to act like X” labeling thoery

Question 25

loneliness and grief

Answer 25

lowers the level of mental health for an individual

Question 26

Harassment

Answer 26

unwelcome conduct that is based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability or genetic information

Question 27

Harassment becomes unlawful when:

Answer 27

-enduring the offensive conduct becomes a condition of continued employment
-conduct is severe or pervasive enough to create a work environment that a reasonable person would consider intimidating, hostile or abusive

Question 28

sexual harassment

Answer 28

unlawful to harass a person because of their sexual orientation or gender

Question 29

prevention

Answer 29

prevention is the best tool to eliminate sexual harassment, such as training and an efficient complaint system

Question 30

consent

Answer 30

-voluntary
-both partners must posses sufficient mental capacity
-physical barrier: threats or violence
-mental barrier: intoxication, mental illness or disability

Question 31

7/10 rapes are by:

Answer 31

someone you know

Question 32

repeat rape offenders

Answer 32

almost 2/3 of rapists commit multiple rapes

Question 33

belief in a just world

Answer 33

we experience a common urge to blame the victim

Question 34

Unified Crime Report

Answer 34

annual report published by FBI, contains data on index crime: homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, larceny, motor vehicle theft and arson

Question 35

why is UCR criticized

Answer 35

(1) methods used to collect (2) it only counts crime that has been reported and accepted by police (3) only contains information on certain crimes