Race/Ethnicity/Gender

Question 1

Tulsa Massacre 1921

Answer 1

Major resentment towards black community from poor whites, who resented the financial success that was emerging in tulsa, started when there was physical contact between a white woman and a black boy. after there was some rebuilding but it will never be like what it was.

Question 2

Critical Race Theory

Answer 2

race is a social construct, and racism is not only an individual bias but in legal systems and policies.

Question 3

Origins of racial classification

Answer 3

Blumenbach and Linnaeus. Linnaeus was a pioneer in taxonomy. (classification of organisms- based on geography) Blumenbach started ranking in a hierarchy based on perceived beauty & who he believed the earliest humans were

Question 4

Race

Answer 4

socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of society deem important

Question 5

ethnicity

Answer 5

shared social, cultural and historical experiences stemming from common national backgrounds

Question 6

ethnic group

Answer 6

group of people in same ethnicity

Question 7

Advantages of ethnicity

Answer 7

-gives individuals sense of belonging
-ethnic pride and sense of self worth

Question 8

Disadvantages of ethnicity

Answer 8

-creates conflict, prejudice and hatred among groups

Question 9

tribe

Answer 9

large group in a traditional society consisting of families or communities liked by: social, economic, religious and blood ties

Question 10

tribalism

Answer 10

excessive devotion to your tribe, usually accompanied by actions meant to denigrate (element of racism) other tribes

Question 11

Prejudice

Answer 11

a set of negative attitudes and beliefs about a whole categories of people because of race or ethnicity

Question 12

Discrimination

Answer 12

unjust treatment of different categories of people (age, race or sex)

Question 13

stereotypes

Answer 13

mistaken generalization about people because of their race or ethnicity

Question 14

Racism

Answer 14

prejudice, discrimination directed against a person or people based on their memberships of a particular ethnic group

Question 15

Evolution of skin color

Answer 15

leading hypothesis: 1.2 million years ago to less than 10,000 years ago, archaic humans, including archaic homo sapiens, were dark skinned. At some point, light skin was a mutation but survived better due to production of vitamin D.

Question 16

Why prejudice exists

Answer 16

-psychological explanation: authoritarian personalities- emphasize obedience to authority and low acceptance of people not like oneself
-Frustration/scapegoat: individuals blame problems on racial minorities, and scapegoat them instead of realizing real source

Question 17

Explaining Prejudice

Answer 17

-sociological: conformity and socialization, people conform to which the society they grew up in
-economic and political: prejudice arises from competition over jobs and other resources and from disagreement over political issues

Question 18

Role of mass media

Answer 18

-coverage of people of color fuels racial prejudice and stereotypes by presenting POC in a negative light. media uses POC in pictures more than whites.

Question 19

Correlations

Answer 19

gender, education and region of country

Question 20

changing nature

Answer 20

explicit racism has been replaced by subtle forms.

Question 21

public policy

Answer 21

system of law, regulatory measures, courses of action and funding priorities concerning a topic that are enacted by a gov entity (SPENDING PRIORITY)

Question 22

structural racism

Answer 22

public policies, institutional practices, cultural representations and other norms work in ways that reinforce group inequity

Question 23

individual discrimination

Answer 23

individuals practice in daily lives

Question 24

institutional discrimination

Answer 24

whole institution (housing, medical care & law enforcement)

Question 25

pay gap (structure)

Answer 25

-lower rates of education
-lower rates of participation
-feminine jobs w/ lower pay
-discrimination was legal

Question 26

pay gap (attitudes)

Answer 26

-less intelligent
-women should raise children
-cant hold power
-homemakers

Question 27

1 SOURCE OF HATE CRIMES

Answer 27

RACIAL BIAS

Question 28

gender

Answer 28

social and cultural differences in a society assigns to people based on biological sex

Question 29

gender roles

Answer 29

societies expectations of behavior

Question 30

gender identity

Answer 30

persons internal sense of being a man or woman

Question 31

sex

Answer 31

anatomical and biological differences between male and female

Question 32

primary sex characteristics

Answer 32

genetalia

Question 33

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 33

hormones, and things that develop after puberty

Question 34

intersex

Answer 34

people born with sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit typical definition of male and female

Question 35

Margaret Mead

Answer 35

one of the first anthropologists to study cultural differences in gender. found gender linked attitudes and behavior differ widely one culture to the next

Question 36

androgynous

Answer 36

contains aspects of both female and male

Question 37

sex = biological

Answer 37

gender = social construct

Question 38

glass ceiling

Answer 38

invisible barriers facing women as they try to advance in the workplace

Question 39

glass escalator

Answer 39

the smooth path afforded to men with promotions in the workplace

Question 40

feminization of poverty

Answer 40

more women are poor than men due to pay gap

Question 41

benefits of being a male

Answer 41

-freedom from fear of being raped or sexually assaulted
- not experiencing job discrimination on basis of gender

Question 42

Costs of being male

Answer 42

higher rates of:
-injury
-violence
-death
-lower likelihood of experiencing joy of parenthood