Crime and deviance: Topic 1- Functionalism, strain and subcultural theories~ Vital Vocab Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is adaption and change?
All change starts with deviance as change is a deviation from norms
What is alternative status hierachy?
Delinquent subcultures offer an illegitimate opportunity for W/C boys
What is american dream?
Ideology that society is meritocratic
What is anomie/normlessness?
Lack of usual social or ethical standards in an individual or group
What is boundary maintenance?
Reaffirms what is right and wrong
What is conflict subcultures?
Subcultures that arises in areas of high population turnover
What is conformity?
Individuals expect the culturally approved goals and stive to achieve them legitmately
What is criminal subcultures?
Subcultures that arises in neighbourhoods with a long standing and stable criminal culture
What is innovation?
Individuals expect the goal of money but use ‘new’, legitimate means like theft, fraud
What is rebellion?
Individuals rejecting the existsing societies goals and means
What is retreatism?
Individuals reject both goals and legitimate means and become dropouts
What is retreatist subcultures?
Groups who have failed to be successful illegitimately and legitmately
What is ritualism?
Individuals who give up trying to achieve the goals bu have internalised a legitimate means so they follow rules on their own sake
What is saftey valve?
Deviance to left of steam
What is social control?
The ways in which society tries to ensure that its memebers do not break norms or commit crimes
What is social solidarity?
Binding individuals together, telling them what to strive for, etc
What is status frustration?
A feeling of frustration experienced by individuals when they are denied the opportunity of attaining success
What is strain?
People engage in criminal or deviant behaviour when they’re unable to achieve goals legitmately
What is value concesus?
A society in which everyone can agree on goals, morals and ethics
What is warning?
Deviance in order to show something is not working and it needs to be changed
