crime scene

Question 1

types of information that can be obtained from forensics testing and examination of physical evidence

Answer 1

linkage of persons, scenes, or objects; investigative leads; information on the corpus delicti; information on the modus operandi; proving or disproving witness statements; identification of the suspect(s); identification of unknown substances; reconstruction of a crime

Question 2

corpus delicti

Answer 2

a crime must be proved to have occurred before a person can be convicted

Question 3

modus operandi

Answer 3

someone’s habits of working; mode of operation

Question 4

crime scene management

Answer 4

1. information management
2. manpower management
3. technology management
4. logistics management

Question 5

crime scene security measures

Answer 5

when first responders protect the crime scene

Question 6

primary crime scene

Answer 6

site of the original criminal activity

Question 7

secondary crime scene

Answer 7

subsequent crime scenes

Question 8

macroscopic crime scene

Answer 8

the broad crime scene

Question 9

microscopic crime scene

Answer 9

the smaller crime scenes in the broad crime scene

Question 10

walk-through

Answer 10

preliminary scene survey

Question 11

crime scene map

Answer 11

use of imaging technology and mapping technology to create a virtual layout

Question 12

the W’s

Answer 12

who, what, when, where, and why

Question 13

videography

Answer 13

video recording of the crime scene

Question 14

crime scene sketch

Answer 14

documenting the crime scene in sketches

Question 15

geometric patterns

Answer 15

1. link
   2 line or strip
2. grid
3. zone
4. wheel or ray
5. spiral method

Question 16

types of sketches

Answer 16

rough and finished sketch

Question 17

techniques used to obtain measurements for the crime scene sketch

Answer 17

triangulation; baseline; and polar coordinates

Question 18

crime scene reconstruction

Answer 18

process of determining or eliminating the events that could have occurred at the crime scene

Question 19

process in reconstructing a crime scene

Answer 19

1. data collection
2. conjecture
3. hypothesis formulation
4. testing
5. theory formulation

Question 20

major tasks of documentation

Answer 20

1. note taking
2. videography
3. photography
4. sketching

Question 21

coroner

Answer 21

government agent charged with responsibility for death investigations

Question 22

medical examiners

Answer 22

a medically qualified public officer whose duty is to investigate deaths occurring under unusual or suspicious circumstances, to perform postmortems, and to initiate inquests

Question 23

forensic pathologist

Answer 23

physicians specializing in the diagnose of diseas

Question 24

cause of death

Answer 24

disease or injury that initiated the lethal chain of events that led to death

Question 25

mechanism of death

Answer 25

biochemical or physiological abnormality produced by the cause of death that is incompatible with life

Question 26

manner of death

Answer 26

defined as the fashion in which the cause of death came to be

Question 27

NASH

Answer 27

four manners of death; natural, accidental, homicidal, suicidal

Question 28

rigor mortis

Answer 28

stiffening in muscles following death

Question 29

livor mortis

Answer 29

discoloration of the body that occurs from the settling of of red blood cells

Question 30

algor mortis

Answer 30

calling of the body that occurs after death, assuming the ambient body temperature is lower than body temperature

Question 31

sudden death

Answer 31

death that occurs within a few hours of the onset of symptoms or death without any symptoms

Question 32

incised wounds

Answer 32

caused by a clean, sharp-edged object such as a knife, razor, or glass splinter

Question 33

autopsy

Answer 33

to look at oneself

Question 34

necropsy

Answer 34

looking at the dead

Question 35

inframammary incision

Answer 35

made in the fold where the lower part of the breast meets the chest wall

Question 36

types of mechanical trauma

Answer 36

sharp force and blunt force trauma

Question 37

sharp force

Answer 37

caused by sharp implements

Question 38

blunt force

Answer 38

caused by firearms

Question 39

lead snowstorm

Answer 39

white fragments of lead around the missing tissue

Question 40

penetrating gunshot wound

Answer 40

an entrance wound and no exit wound

Question 41

perforating gunshot wound

Answer 41

an entrance and exit wound

Question 42

distance determination

Answer 42

distance from the shooter to the victim

Question 43

contact/near-contact wounds

Answer 43

result of close range gunfight, suicide, or execution

Question 44

carboxymyoglobin

Answer 44

a compound formed from myoglobin on exposure to carbon monoxide

Question 45

stippling

Answer 45

creation of a pattern simulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots

Question 46

distant

Answer 46

any distance beyond that which produces stippling

Question 47

laceration

Answer 47

caused by gunshot exit wounds

Question 48

abraded

Answer 48

scraped skin

Question 49

hollow-point bullets

Answer 49

handgun bullets that are designed to enlarge their diameter during a passage through tissue are common

Question 50

asphyxia

Answer 50

interruption of oxygenation of the brain

Question 51

carbon monoxide

Answer 51

a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air; toxic to hemoglobic animals

Question 52

contusion

Answer 52

an accumulation of blood in the tissues outside the blood vessels

Question 53

cyanide

Answer 53

consists of carbon and nitrogen; acts primarily on the enzymes of the mitochondria of the brain

Question 54

diatoms

Answer 54

small unicellular organisms found in most fresh and salt waters

Question 55

equivocal death

Answer 55

inquiries that are open to interpretation

Question 56

hyperthermia

Answer 56

body temperature that is higher than normal

Question 57

hypothermia

Answer 57

body temperature that is lower than normal

Question 58

questionable death

Answer 58

a death that was not witnessed

Question 59

hyoid bone

Answer 59

small horseshoe-shaped bone found in the neck near the base of the jaw

Question 60

hematoma

Answer 60

a blood tumor

Question 61

naïve consumers

Answer 61

a person who does not ingest large amounts of drugs or alcohol

Question 62

ligature

Answer 62

an object such as a blue, rope, or cord that is wrapped around the throat to cause asphyxia

Question 63

manual strangulation

Answer 63

use of hands to strangulate

Question 64

oxyhemoglobin

Answer 64

the form of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen