Critical Care & Emergency Med

Question 1

Definition of SIRS

Answer 1

2 or more of the ff:

1. Fever >38deg or hypothermia of 24 cpm
2. Tachycardia >90bpm
3. WBC >12,000 or 10% bands

Question 2

Definition of sepsis

Answer 2

SIRS + evidence of infection

Question 3

Definition of severe sepsis

Answer 3

Sepsis with 1 or more of organ dysfunction

1. Arterial BP /= 5.0 meq/L and a plasma lactate >1.5 times ULN

Question 4

Phases of ARDS

Answer 4

Exudative
Proliferative
Fibrotic

Question 5

A. Virchow’s triad

B. A is seen in ____

Answer 5

A. Endothelial injury, hypercoagulabity, stasis

B. Venous thromboembolism

Question 6

Most frequent symptom of DVT

Answer 6

Cramp in the lower calf

Question 7

Best non-invasive method to confirm presence of DVT

Answer 7

Venous duplex scan

Question 8

Most common ___ in pulmonary embolism
A. Symptom
B. Sign
C. Gas exchange abnormality

Answer 8

A. Dyspnea
B. Tachypnea
C. Hypoxia

Question 9

Signs of pulmonary embolism seen on chest xray

Answer 9

Westermark’s sign: focal oligemia
Hampton’s hump: peripheral wedge-shaped density above the diaphragm
Palla’s sign: enlarged right descending pulmonary artery

Question 10

McConnell’s sign

Answer 10

RV free wall hypokinesis but normal motion of RV apex

Note:
Seen in pulmonary embolism