Pulmonary Medicine Flashcards
(16 cards)
Differential diagnoses for chronic cough with NORMAL chest PE and radiograph
A. Cough variant asthma
B. Gastroesophageal reflux
C. Nasopharyngeal drainage
D. Medications (ACEI)
Most common cause of hemoptysis worldwide
TB
Gold standard for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary angiography
Most common side effect of short acting anticholinergics (ipratropium)
Dry mouth
Most effective agents for asthma control
Inhaled corticosteroids
A. Budesonide
B. Fluticasone
Most common AE of inhaled corticosteroids
Hoarseness/dysphonia
Oral candidiasis
Should not be given in the absence of ICS
LABA (e.g. Salmeterol)
FEV1/FVC in COPD
3 interventions demonstrated to influence natural history of COPD
- Smoking cessation
- Oxygen therapy
- Lung volume reduction surgery
Most important sign of severe exacerbation in patients with very severe COPD
Change in mental status
Inc. risk for pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Antibiotic use (at least 1 week in the past month)
- Malnutrition
- Steroid use (pred 2.5mg in the past week)
PTB: route of transmission?
Droplet nuclei (1-5micrometer)
Most common cause of pleural effusion
LV failure
Indications of CTT insertion
Loculated pleural fluid
Pleural fluid pH
Most common cause of exudative effusion in:
A. US
B. In most parts of the world
A. Parapneumonic
B. Tuberculous
Tuberculous effusion is established by
Adenosine deaminase >40IU/L or Gamma interferon >140pg/mL
