Cross-Study

Question 1

Alliteration

Answer 1

Repetition of consonant in initial position, eg Big Bees on Birch and Bricks

Question 2

Phonological Patterning

Answer 2

Alliteration, Assonance, Consonance, Onomatopoeia, rhythm, rhyme, used to capture attention of audience

Question 3

Assonance

Answer 3

Repetition of vowel phonemes across phrases, eg “Fleet of jeeps through the streets”

Question 4

Consonance

Answer 4

Repeitition of consonants anywhere, usually at syllable-final boundaries. eg. “beeS in the treeS buZZed with eaSe”

Question 5

Onomatopoeia

Answer 5

evocative words from the sounds they represent, eg crash bang

Question 6

Rhythm

Answer 6

Patterns of intonation, eg double double toil and trouble, STRONG weak STrong weak STRONG weak STRONg weak

Question 7

Rhyme

Answer 7

Repetition of similar phonemes at the end of each word. can be half rhyme (one of the sounds of the syllable) or full rhyme.

Question 8

Syntactic Patterns

Answer 8

Parallelism, Antithesis, Listing, used to capture attention, make text more memorable or reinforce meaning/understanding

Question 9

Parallelism

Answer 9

A parallel syntactic structure, eg i love jacob. Jacob loves me.

Question 10

Antithesis

Answer 10

two contrasting ideas near each other. eg there are good days and bad days

Question 11

Listing

Answer 11

what did u think it was? you are: dumb, stupid, an idiot, restarted, acoustic

Question 12

Discourse

Answer 12

The study of units longer than a sentence

Question 13

Pragmatics

Answer 13

The study of language used within a given context, and how context contributes to meaning.

Question 14

Cohesion

Answer 14

lexical choice, elipsis, repetition, referencing, synonymy, antonymy, metonymy, substitution, collocation, adverbials, conjunctions, information flow

Question 15

Information flow

Answer 15

clefting: it-cleft, wh-cleft
front focus: left dislocation, and fronting, passives, .
end focus: end weight, right dislocation, there constructions

Question 16

Referencing

Answer 16

Anaphoric, Cataphoric, Deictic

Question 17

Tenor

Answer 17

the mood of the relationship between the participants of a discourse, as set by author, described through social distance and social hierarchy

Question 18

Coherence

Answer 18

Cohesion features (but don’t ever fucking talk about them) consistency, conventions, inference, formatting, logical ordering

Question 19

Features of spoken discourse

Answer 19

openings, closings, adjacency pairs, minimal responses, overlapping speech, discourse markers, non-fluency features

Question 20

Consistency

Answer 20

Similar contexts used within the text. Involves font and spacing, punctuation, visual cues

Question 21

Conventions

Answer 21

established rules and expectations for the text

Question 22

Non-fluency features

Answer 22

Pauses, filled pauses, repair sequences, false starts, repetition

Question 23

Spoken discourse features

Answer 23

Topic Management, Turn taking, Management of Repair Sequences, Codeswitching

Question 24

Politeness Strategies

Answer 24

Positive politeness- social harmony and rapport, similarity, interest etc.

Negative politeness - reducing imposition placed on other parties, hedging, apologising, etc.

Question 25

Face

Answer 25

Positive face: dog. Wanting to be liked and seen. social recognition. Negative face: cat. Wanting to be free from imposition, keeping personal liberties.

Question 26

Hedging

Answer 26

Being a bitch

Question 27

Semantic patterns

Answer 27

figurative language, irony, oxymoron, metaphor, simile, hyperbole, personification, animation, lexical ambiguity, puns

Question 28

personification v animation

Answer 28

personificication is giving agency and human qualities, while animation is giving them living qualities without necessarily giving agency

Question 29

Irony

Answer 29

Saying one thing but meaning another, typically the opposite, eg sarcasm

Question 30

oxymoron

Answer 30

contradictory words or phrases used together bittersweet, delicious poison, virtual reality

Question 31

Other semantic features

Answer 31

semantic domain, idiom, denotation, connotation, euphemism, dysphemism

Question 32

prosodic features:

Answer 32

Intonation, stress, tempo, rhythm, pitch

Question 33

Social distance

Answer 33

closeness of participants of a discourse

Question 34

Authority

Answer 34

power that a person or group holds

Question 35

Expertise

Answer 35

high level of knowledge of a specific subjects

Question 36

Purposes of formal language

Answer 36

Politeness strategies, social harmony, negotiating social taboos, building rapport, reinforcing social distance and authority, establishing expertise, clarifying, manipulating, obfuscating

Question 37

Discourse strategies in formal texts

Answer 37

topic management, turn taking, management of repair sequences, code switching

Question 38

Discourse factors cohesion coherence

Answer 38

regular cohesion and coherence