Croup & Cystic Fibrosis

Question 1

What is the treatment for mild croup?

Answer 1

Single dexamethasone dose oral

Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation.

Question 2

What treatment options are available for moderate to severe croup?

Answer 2

Hospital admission and single dose of dexamethasone or prednisolone given orally whilst waiting in admission

Prednisolone is another corticosteroid similar to dexamethasone.

Question 3

What should be done if a patient with moderate to severe croup cannot take oral medication?

Answer 3

IM dexamethasone or nebulised budesonide

Budesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid that helps reduce inflammation in the airways.

Question 4

What is the treatment for severe croup that is not controlled by steroids?

Answer 4

Nebulised adrenaline / epinephrine

Epinephrine is used for its vasoconstrictive properties to reduce airway swelling.

Question 5

What is the main goal of treatment for cystic fibrosis?

Answer 5

Prevent lung infections and maintain lung function

Effective management can significantly improve quality of life.

Question 6

What mucolytic agent is used in the treatment of cystic fibrosis?

Answer 6

Dornase alfa

Dornase alfa helps to break down the thick mucus in the lungs.

Question 7

Which bacteria can be chronically present due to cystic fibrosis?

Answer 7

Staph. Aureus

Chronic infections can lead to lung damage and decreased function.

Question 8

What treatment is used for pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis?

Answer 8

Pancreatin

Pancreatin replaces the pancreatic enzymes that are deficient in cystic fibrosis.

Question 9

What should be monitored in cystic fibrosis patients?

Answer 9

Liver disease, diabetes and bone density

These conditions can develop as complications of cystic fibrosis.