Crusades

Question 1

What is Jerusalem known as for Christians?

Answer 1

Where Jesus was crucified and resurrected

Question 2

What do Jews refer to Jerusalem as?

Answer 2

Zion, God’s own city, site of Solomon’s temple

Question 3

What significance does Jerusalem hold for Muslims?

Answer 3

3rd holiest city, where Muhammad ascended to heaven

Question 4

What did Pope Urban call for regarding the Crusades?

Answer 4

Expel that wicked race from our Christian lands. Christ commands.

Question 5

What does the term ‘Crusade’ derive from?

Answer 5

Latin ‘crux’ meaning cross

Question 6

What does it mean for Crusaders to ‘take up the cross’?

Answer 6

To recover Holy Land from Muslim control

Question 7

How many military expeditions were part of the Crusades?

Answer 7

Nine

Question 8

Why did knights go on a Crusade?

Answer 8

• Use fighting skills
• Adventure
• Possible wealth or instant salvation if killed

Question 9

What motivated peasants to join the Crusades?

Answer 9

Freedom from feudal bonds

Question 10

What were the Pope’s motivations for wanting a Crusade?

Answer 10

• Increase power in Europe
• Heal split between Roman Catholic and Byzantine/Greek Orthodox Church
• Land in the Middle East for Europe’s growing population

Question 11

When did the First Crusade take place?

Answer 11

1096 – 1099

Question 12

What happened to Jews and Muslims during the First Crusade?

Answer 12

Killed on the way to capturing Jerusalem

Question 13

What was created by some crusaders after the First Crusade?

Answer 13

Palestine

Question 14

When did the Second Crusade occur?

Answer 14

1147 – 1149

Question 15

What happened during the Second Crusade?

Answer 15

Crusaders failed to recover lands taken by Seljuk Turks

Question 16

Who led the Third Crusade?

Answer 16

Richard the Lionheart of England

Question 17

What significant event occurred in 1187 regarding Jerusalem?

Answer 17

Saladin united Muslims and took Jerusalem

Question 18

What was the outcome of Saladin’s truce?

Answer 18

He keeps the city and allows pilgrims access

Question 19

What was unusual about the Fourth Crusade?

Answer 19

Crusaders attacked the Christian city of Constantinople instead of going to Jerusalem

Question 20

What was one effect of the Crusades on feudalism?

Answer 20

Feudalism broke down, kings gained authority over Pope & nobles

Question 21

What was a consequence of the Crusades for Muslims, Christians, and Jews?

Answer 21

Bitterness among the groups

Question 22

What happened to the Byzantine Empire as a result of the Crusades?

Answer 22

Weakened

Question 23

What did the interactions during the Crusades lead to?

Answer 23

Establishment of trade networks

Question 24

What was the goal of the Reconquista?

Answer 24

To create a Christian Spain

Question 25

Who were the key figures in the Reconquista?

Answer 25

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain

Question 26

What was the purpose of the Inquisition?

Answer 26

To try people accused of heresy

Question 27

Who did Isabella target during the Inquisition?

Answer 27

Jews and Muslims in Spain

Question 28

What was the fate of those who refused to convert to Christianity during the Inquisition?

Answer 28

Tortured or burned at the stake

Question 29

What was one effect of the Inquisition on Spain's population?

Answer 29

More than 150,000 people fled Spain in fear

Question 30

What was the result of achieving religious unity in Spain?

Answer 30

Achieved at a huge price

Question 31

How did Spain's economy suffer due to the Inquisition?

Answer 31

Loss of skilled and educated people