CS midterms pt3

Question 1

, is
the location where a computer keeps data, information,

Answer 1

secondary storage

Question 2

refers to
long-term, permanent access of data and information.

Answer 2

Storage

Question 3

is the hardware that records and/or
retrieves items to and from storage media.

Answer 3

storage device

Question 4

is the process of transferring data, instructions, and infor-
mation from memory to a storage medium.

Answer 4

Writing

Question 5

the process of transferring these items from a storage
medium into memory.

Answer 5

Reading

Question 6

is the number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold.

Answer 6

Capacity

Question 7

measures (1) the amount of time it
takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium
or (2) the time required to deliver an item from memory
to the processor.

Answer 7

Access time

Question 8

is the speed with which data, instructions,
and information transfer to and from a device.

Answer 8

Transfer rate

Question 9

, also called a hard
disk drive (HDD), is a storage device that contains one
or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic
particles to store data, instructions, and information.

Answer 9

hard disk

Question 10

is made of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and has
a thin coating of alloy material that allows items to be
recorded magnetically on its surface.

Answer 10

platter

Question 11

aligns the magnetic particles
horizontally around the surface of the disk.

Answer 11

Longitudinal recording

Question 12

, by contrast, hard disks align
the magnetic particles vertically, or perpendicular to the
disk’s surface, making much greater storage capacities
possible.

Answer 12

perpendicular recording

Question 13

is the number of bits in an area on a stor-
age medium.

Answer 13

Density

Question 14

is the process of dividing the disk into tracks
and sectors

Answer 14

Formatting

Question 15

is one of the series of concentric circles on one of
the surfaces of a magnetic hard disk platter.

Answer 15

track

Question 16

is an individual block of data,
or a segment of a track. Several sectors form a cluster.

Answer 16

sector

Question 17

mechanism that reads items and writes items in the drive
as it barely touches the disk’s recording surface.

Answer 17

read/write head

Question 18

is a
separate, freestanding storage device that connects with a
cable to a USE port

Answer 18

external hard drive

Question 19

) is a removable
storage device for folders

Answer 19

USB flash drive (universal serial bus

Question 20

is a removable flash memory storage device,

Answer 20

memory card

Question 21

is a type of storage medium that consists of a
flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer
that is written and read by a laser.

Answer 21

optical disc

Question 22

Recall that cloud computing refers to an environment of
servers that house and provide access to resources users access

via the Internet.

Answer 22

Cloud Storage

Question 23

uses software to emulate hardware
capabilities, enabling companies to scale,

Answer 23

Infrastructure as a
service (IaaS)

Question 24

Some companies specify the
applications, security settings, and computing resources
available to employees on their desktop computers.

Answer 24

• Desktop as a Service:

Question 25

) allows users and applications to access a company's data.

Answer 25

Data as a service (DaaS

Question 26

allows developers to create, test, and run their solutions on a cloud platform without having to purchase or configure the underlying hardware and software.

Answer 26

Platform as a service (PaaS)

Question 27

is digital currency that can be used to transfer money or payment between users or corpo- rations.

Answer 27

Cryptocurrency

Question 28

, such as Venmo, enable you to transfer money between your credit card or bank account to another user.

Answer 28

Payment apps

Question 29

, such as ApplePay, is an app that is connected to a specific payment card or financial account

Answer 29

digital wallet

Question 30

, which means that if one component fails or malfunctions,

Answer 30

redundancy

Question 31

is a secure location with many large computers that act as servers, which make files available to users

Answer 31

data center

Question 32

, which writes data on two drives at the same time to duplicate the data.

Answer 32

mirroring

Question 33

, which splits data, instructions, and informa- tion across multiple drives in the array.

Answer 33

striping

Question 34

is a server that is placed on a network with the sole purpose of providing storage to users, computers,

Answer 34

Network attached storage (NAS)

Question 35

is a high-speed network with the sole purpose of providing storage to other attached servers.

Answer 35

storage area network (SAN)

Question 36

is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic that is capable of storing large amounts of data and information at a low cost.

Answer 36

Tape

Question 37

A is a credit card, entertainment card, bank card, or other similar card with a stripe that contains information identifying you and the card.

Answer 37

magnetic stripe card

Question 38

, which is an alternative to a magnetic stripe card, stores data on an integrated circuit embed- ded in the card.

Answer 38

smart card

Question 39

consists of an antenna and a memory chip that contains the infor- mation to be transmitted via radio waves

Answer 39

RFID tag

Question 40

also called main memory, consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices.

Answer 40

RAM,

Question 41

is a unique number that identifies the location of a byte in memory.

Answer 41

address

Question 42

which is a temporary storage area.

Answer 42

cache (pronounced cash),

Question 43

helps speed the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.

Answer 43

Memory cache

Question 44

is a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.

Answer 44

Flash memory

Question 45

technology because it provides high speeds and consumes little power.

Answer 45

CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)

Question 46

which are devices that send low-energy Bluetooth signals to nearby smartphones, to alert customers who use a payment app,

Answer 46

beacons,

Question 47

is a list of related items, including folders, applications, and commands.

Answer 47

menu

Question 48

, which is a list of additional commands associ- ated with the selected command on a menu.

Answer 48

submenu

Question 49

is a list of frequently used commands that relate to an object.

Answer 49

shortcut menu

Question 50

which is a box with controls that lets you tell the operating system how you want to complete a command

Answer 50

dialog box,

Question 51

, which are apps or programs that enable you to perform maintenance-type tasks related to managing the computer or device.

Answer 51

utilities

Question 52

are tl1e components required to perform work,

Answer 52

resources

Question 53

is the amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time.

Answer 53

page

Question 54

the whole system slows down and it is said to be.

Answer 54

Trashing

Question 55

is the active program, that is, the one you currently are using.

Answer 55

foreground

Question 56

other programs running but not in use are in the

Answer 56

background.

Question 57

which is the practice of sharing computing resources, such as servers or storage devices, among com- puters and devices on a network.

Answer 57

virtualization,

Question 58

programs keep all or some of the code hidden,

Answer 58

Closed source

Question 59

is one that runs only on a specific type or make of computer or mobile device.

Answer 59

device-dependent program

Question 60

is privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer or device model.

Answer 60

Proprietary software

Question 61

that run on computers and mobile devices provided by a variety of manufacturers.

Answer 61

device-independent operating systems

Question 62

is three- or four-letter sequence, preceded by a period,

Answer 62

file extension

Question 63

File size usually is measured in

Answer 63

kilobytes

Question 64

A is a special folder that catalogues specific files and folders in a central location, regardless of where the items are actually stored on your device. Library files might include pictures, music,

Answer 64

library

Question 65

is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices.

Answer 65

performance monitor

Question 66

is a rectangular-shaped work area that displays an app or a collection of files,

Answer 66

a window

Question 67

displays a running program;

Answer 67

a program window

Question 68

a displays the contents of a folder,

Answer 68

folder window

Question 69

is an interface that enables you to train it to respond to your gestures and voice commands.

Answer 69

natural user interface (NUI)

Question 70

identify the resources, such as apps and storage locations, a user can access when working with the computer.

Answer 70

User accounts

Question 71

A enables a computer or device to run another operating system in addition to the one installed.

Answer 71

virtual machine (VM)

Question 72

, is a section of a hard drive that functions like a separate drive.

Answer 72

partition, also called a volume