Flashcards in CSCmidterm4 Deck (52)
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1
HTML=
Hypertext Markup Language
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XHTML=
entensible Hypertext Markup Language, must be lowercase, we don?t use
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What converts HTML
a Browser
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Start/Open tag
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End/Close tag
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Singleton Tag
not paired, e.x. horizontal line
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Required Tags
, ,
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2 Parts of a Web Page
Head, Body
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Head section
beginning material, like title or other info for whol page
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Body section
content of page
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Needed to write HTML
Browser, Text Editor
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Firefox traits
free open source browser
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Open Source
program code is publicly available, any programmer can contribute improvements to
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Text editor characters
ASCII, normal keyboard characters
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Levels of heading tags
, get smaller
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White Spaces
spaces inserted in HTML for readability; spaces, tabs, enter; Ignored by Browsers
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Preformated information
only white space exception, displayed as appears
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Width of line of text
determined by width of the browser window
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Escape Symbols
&(followed by abbreviation); , used to show brackets, accents
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Accents
&eactue; È
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Hyperlink Parts
anchor text (text) & hyperlink reference (web site)
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URL Absolute Pathname Parts
Protocol specification (http://), Domain/IP address (www.google.com), Path to file (/path/text.html)
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Relative pathnames
take to another page in the same file
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Moving up in a file
add / Before the href attribute
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Image tag
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Alt tag of an Image
assists visually impaired, displayed if image is not available
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Image formats
Typically GIF=graphics interchange format or JPEG= Joint Photographic experts Group=higher quality
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PNG
newer form of GIF= Portable Network Graphics
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Attributes
additional specifications, form: name="value", includes href, src, and styles
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Style Attribute
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Image positioning
better with text flowing around image, "float:left"
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CSS
Cascading Style Sheets, general styling system, simplifies task of creating a complex page
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Global Style
Style tags inside Head tags, no brackets, but element inside {}, values seperated by ;
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Tag Element
Text between the tags
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Class
a family of styling specifications with a common name, written in head tags and at place in code
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5 levels of styling info
Default, External, Global, Range, Site; part of Cascading Style sheets
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List types
unordered list and ordered list ; both use for each item; also definitional lists
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Tables
, cells=columns= ; heading= ; caption=
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Pseudo Classes
is a State= anchor tag variations= link, hover, or visited
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How search engine works
Crawling, query processing, hit list
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crawling
has a todo list, URL's are added to the todo list, Builds an Index
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Index
list of tokens or words that are associated with the page
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Query processing
tokens=search terms are entered, looks up tokens in the index, returns a hit list
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When Index is created
Ahead of time
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Multiple word query
AND, all words present; query processor intersects index lists
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Hit on a page
search term is associated with the page, not neccesarily ON the page; looks in title, anchor text, meta, and Alt attributes
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Page Ranking
If A and C link to B, B is seen as more important
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Logical operators
specify a logical relationship between words it connects (AND, OR, AND NOT)
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Site Search
Searches only current site
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Anatomy of a Hite
Title, Snippet, URL, Site Links
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Primary Source
direct knowledge of information
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