CSF and Blood SUpply

Question 1

brain and spinal cord are critically dependent on an
uninterrupted supply of oxygenated blood

Answer 1

VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN

Question 2

About _____ of the total blood volume in the body circulates
in the brain, which accounts for about 2% of the body
weigh

Answer 2

18%

Question 3

named after the English neuroanatomist Sir Thomas
Willis) is a hexagon of vessels that gives rise to all of the
major cerebral arteries

Answer 3

CIRCLE OF WILLIS

Question 4

CIRCLE OF WILLIS is fed by the paired_________ and the _______.

Answer 4

paired internal carotid arteries and the basilar
artery

Question 5

may be large on one
or both sides (embryonic type)

Answer 5

Posterior communicating
arteries

Question 6

thin
on the first stretch

Answer 6

Posterior Cerebral Artery

Question 7

may be absent, double or thin

Answer 7

Ant. Communicating Artery

Question 8

Initial Strethc of Large Arteries:

Answer 8

Ventral to the brain in a
relatively small region

Question 9

A border zone separates from other
territories when a major artery supplies a certain territory

Answer 9

Water Shed Areas:

Question 10

arterial blood for the brain enters the cranial cavity by way
of two pairs of large vessels:

Answer 10

internal carotid arteries & vertebral arteries

Question 11

supplies:
brain stem, cerebellum, occipital lobe, and parts of the
thalamus, and the carotids normally supply the
remainder of the forebrain

Answer 11

Vertebral Arterial System

Question 12

interconnected via the anterior cerebral arteries and the
anterior communicating artery

Answer 12

Carotid Arteries

Question 13

terminates in the interpeduncular cistern in a bifurcation as
the left and right posterior cerebral arteries.

Answer 13

Basilar Artery

Question 14

This forms Carotid Siphon before reaching the brain.

Answer 14

Internal Carotid Artery:

Question 15

First Branch:

Answer 15

Ophthalmic Artery

Question 16

The ___________________ usually meet over a short distance in midplane to form a short but functionally important anterior
communicating artery. (1 Acom A)

Answer 16

two anterior cerebral arteries

Question 17

carries blood to the choroid plexus of lat. ventricles as well to
adj. brain structures.

Answer 17

Ant. Choroidal Artery:

Question 18

Supplies the cortical areas essential for speech in the left
hemisphere

Answer 18

Middle Cerebral Artery:

Question 19

Left MCA:

Answer 19

Artery of speech.

Question 20

supply the
anterior frontal lobe and medial aspect of the hemisphere.

Answer 20

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Question 21

supplies mainly the occipital lobe, the choroid plexuses of thethird and lateral ventricles and the lower surface of the
temporal lobe

Answer 21

Posterior Cerebral Artery:

Question 22

Predict the deficits caused by a stroke affecting the territories
irrigated by each of these arteries

Answer 22

.CORTICAL SUPPLY

Question 23

venous drainage of the brain and coverings includes:

Answer 23

the veins of the brain
the dural venous sinuses
the dura’s meningeal veins,
diploic veins between the tables of the skull

Question 24

-drain from the scalp, through the skull, into
the larger meningeal veins and dural sinuses

Answer 24

Emissary veins

Question 25

have no valves and seldom accompany the corresponding cerebral arteries

Answer 25

cerebral veins

Question 26

with their tributaries, the septal, thalamostriate, and choroidal veins--empty to this vein.

Answer 26

Internal Cerebral Veins

Question 27

which wind (one right and one left) around the side of the midbrain, draining the base of the forebrain

Answer 27

Basal Veins of Rosenthal

Question 28

- form the straight sinus - venous drainage of the base of the cerebrum is also into the deep middle cerebral vein (coursing in the lateral fissure) and then to the cavernous sinus.

Answer 28

Precentral Vein:

Question 29

generally into the nearest large vein or sinus, confluence of the sinuses, and ultimately to the internal jugular vein

Answer 29

CORTICAL VEINS

Question 30

run upward on the hemisphere’s surface to the superior sagittal sinus, generally passing under any lateral lacunae.

Answer 30

6 to 12 superior cerebral veins

Question 31

Most of the inferior cerebral veins end in the superficial middle cerebral vein.

Answer 31

CORTICAL VEINS

Question 32

these connect the deep middle cerebral vein with the superior sagittal sinus or transverse sinus

Answer 32

Anastomotic veins

Question 33

Venous channels lined by mesothelium lie between the inner and outer layers of the dura

Answer 33

dural sinuses

Question 34

All sinuses ultimately drain into the ________

Answer 34

internal jugular veins or pterygoid plexus

Question 35

between the falx and the inside of the skull cap

Answer 35

Superior sagittal sinus:

Question 36

in the free edge of the falx

Answer 36

Inferior sagittal sinus

Question 37

in the seam between the falx and the tentorium.

Answer 37

Straight sinus

Question 38

between the tentorium and its attachment on the skull cap.

Answer 38

Transverse sinuses:

Question 39

S-curved continuations of the transverse sinuses into the jugular veins; a transverse and a sigmoid sinus together form a lateral sinus.

Answer 39

Sigmoid sinuses

Question 40

drain the deep middle cerebral veins into the cavernous sinuses.

Answer 40

Sphenoparietal sinuses:

Question 41

on either side of the sella turcica. receive drainage from multiple sources, including the ophthalmic and facial veins.

Answer 41

Cavernous sinuses:

Question 42

- most common cause of neurologic disability in adults - the third most common cause of death in our society

Answer 42

CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS

Question 43

result of its high metabolic rate and limited energy reserves, the central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 43

. ISCHEMIC CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE

Question 44

surrounding the area of infarction (metabolically compromised and electrically silent)

Answer 44

Penumbra

Question 45

The rupture of a blood vessel is often associated with hypertension vascular malformations or with trauma.

Answer 45

Hemorrhage

Question 46

often accompanied by contralateral weakness or sensory loss.

Answer 46

CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE

Question 47

CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE: If the dominant hemisphere is involved there will be?

Answer 47

Aphasia or Apraxia

Question 48

- regulates the extracellular milieu and protects the central nervous system - formed primarily in the ventricles and then circulates through the ventricles and into the subarachnoid space

Answer 48

CSF System